TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Perennial, shrub, generally from rhizomes; caudex sometimes present, glabrous, glaucous, or hairy
Stems spreading to erect, branched or not
Leaves simple, 13-ternate, or pinnately compound, basal and cauline, generally alternate, deciduous or evergreen, petioled
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, or panicle, scapose, terminal, or axillary
Flower: sepals 618 or 0, generally in whorls of 3; petals generally 6, in 2 whorls of 3, or 0; stamens 612, free or fused at base, 2-whorled or not, anthers dehiscent by flap-like valves or longitudinal slits; ovary superior, chamber 1, ovules generally 110, style 1 or 0, stigma flat or spheric
Fruit: berry, capsule, or achene
Genera in family: 16 genera, ± 670 species: temp, tropical worldwide; some cultivated (Berberis, Epimedium, Nandina (Heavenly bamboo), Vancouveria )
Reference: [Ernst 1964 J Arnold Arbor 45:135]
Shrub, generally from rhizomes
Stems spreading to erect, branching, spiny or not, sometimes vine-like; inner bark, wood generally bright yellow; bud bracts deciduous or persistent
Leaves simple or pinnately compound, cauline, alternate, deciduous or evergreen; leaflets generally 311, ± round to lanceolate, generally spine-toothed
Inflorescence: raceme, axillary or terminal
Flower: sepals 9 in 3 whorls of 3; petals 6 in 2 whorls of 3, base generally glandular; stamens 6, anther valves pointed down to ± spreading; ovules 29, stigma ± spheric
Fruit: berry, spheric to elliptic, generally purple-black
Species in genus: ± 600 species: temp worldwide
Etymology: (Latin: ancient Arabic name for barberry)
[see Moran 1982 Phytologia 52:221226 for relationship between Berberis and Mahonia ] Roots often TOXIC; spines may inject fungal spores into skin .
Native |
Stems erect, 0.54 m; bud bracts < 5 mm, generally deciduous
Leaves 36 cm, crowded on short lateral stems; petiole < 1 cm; leaflets 35; terminal leaflet 33.5 cm, 0.81.2 cm wide, narrowly lanceolate, wavy, generally folded along midrib, base truncate to wedge-shaped, tip generally acuminate, margin ± lobed, spine-tipped teeth 38, 23 mm
Inflorescence 23.5 cm, open; axis internodes 210 mm, 510 mm in fruit; flowers 35
Fruit 810 mm diam, ± spheric, reddish brown to dark red
Seeds 34 mm
Ecology: Rocky slopes, pinyon/juniper woodland, chaparral
Elevation: 10001700 m.
Bioregional distribution: eastern&s Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: to Texas, Mexico
Flowering time: MayJun
Perhaps best treated as part of B. fremontii.
Horticultural information: 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 23, 24 IRR: 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22.