Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Vascular Plants of California
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Salvinia molesta


Higher Taxonomy
Family: SalviniaceaeView Description 
Common Name: FLOATING-FERN or WATER-SPANGLE FAMILY
Habit: Free-floating aquatic; roots 0. Stem: horizontal. Leaf: in groups of 3 along stem, each group of 2 floating leaves, 1 submersed; floating leaves simple, +- sessile or short-petioled, generally ovate to cordate, entire, notched at tip or not, green, hairy, hairs water-repellent on upper face; submersed leaf dissected, root-like, generally petioled, +- white, hairy. Sporangia: in +- spheric, indehiscent cases of 2 kinds, submersed, on axes in chain-like arrangements or on leaves. Sporangium Case: few to many; sporangia many per case; spores 32 or 64 per sporangium, spheric, in hard mass. Male Sporangium Case: few to many; sporangia many per case; spores 32 or 64 per sporangium, spheric, in hard mass. Female Sporangium Case: 1--few, basal; sporangia few per case; spore 1 per sporangium, spheric.
Genera In Family: 1 genus, +- 10 species: +- worldwide, generally tropics. Note: Closest relatives of Azollaceae. In California, probably all are escapes from cultivation, aquaria, reproducing vegetatively (fertile material documented in California only for Salvinia minima).
eFlora Treatment Author: Bruce G. Baldwin
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Genus: SalviniaView DescriptionDichotomous Key



Etymology: (A.M. Salvini, Italian botanist, 1633--1729)
Reference: Riefner & Smith 2009 J Bot Res Inst Texas 3:855--866
Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch.
NATURALIZED
Leaf: floating blade generally 15--25 mm, +- round, length < 1.5 × width, papillae on upper face <= 1 mm, hairs on papillae joined into dark knot at tips.
Ecology: River channels, backwaters, floodplain ponds; Elevation: generally < 100 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, DSon (Colorado River); Distribution Outside California: +- worldwide in tropics; native to Brazil. Note: Possibly of recent hybrid origin.
Jepson eFlora Author: Bruce G. Baldwin
Reference: Riefner & Smith 2009 J Bot Res Inst Texas 3:855--866
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)
Noxious Weed listed on the CDFA Weed Pest Ratings table
View the CDFA Pest Rating page for Salvinia molesta
Weed listed by Cal-IPC

Previous taxon: Salvinia minima
Next taxon: Salvinia oblongifolia

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Citation for this treatment: Bruce G. Baldwin 2012, Salvinia molesta, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=43117, accessed on April 23, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 23, 2024.

Salvinia molesta
click for enlargement
©2010 Barry Rice
Salvinia molesta
click for enlargement
©2009 Barry Rice
Salvinia molesta
click for enlargement
©2009 Barry Rice
Salvinia molesta
click for enlargement
©2009 Barry Rice
Salvinia molesta
click for enlargement
©2010 Barry Rice

More photos of Salvinia molesta
in CalPhotos



Geographic subdivisions for Salvinia molesta:
SCo, DSon (Colorado River)
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map of distribution 1
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).





 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.
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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).