Common Name: NIGHTSHADE FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub. Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, generally petioled; stipules 0; blade entire to deeply lobed. Inflorescence: various. Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes generally 5; corolla +- radial, cylindric to rotate, lobes generally 5; stamens 5, on corolla tube, alternate lobes; ovary superior, generally 2-chambered, style 1. Fruit: berry, loculicidal or septicidal capsule, [(drupe)], 2--5-chambered. Genera In Family: 75 genera, 3000 species: worldwide, especially +- tropics; many alien weeds in California; many cultivated for food, drugs, or ornamental (potato, tomato, peppers, tobacco, petunia). Toxicity: many TOXIC. Note:Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. is a waif. eFlora Treatment Author: Michael H. Nee Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, sticky-glandular. Stem: main branches from base, with +- long internodes. Leaf: +- opposite near flowers, entire. Inflorescence: flowers 1 in axils of leaves or leaf-like bracts. Flower: calyx divided +- to base, lobes +- leaf-like, especially in fruit; corolla funnel-shaped, 5-lobed; stamens +- equal or 1 short, 2 medium, 2 long. Fruit: capsule. Seed: many, minute, angled. Etymology: (Petun, Native American word for tobacco) Note:Petunia axillaris (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb., Petunia violacea Lindl. may be naturalized in California. Unabridged Note: Evidence from chloroplast DNA, morphology, and ecology was used by Fregonezi et al. [Taxon 61:120--130. 2012] to support segregation of Calibrachoa from Petunia, as well as recognition of Calibrachoa parviflora (Juss.) D'Arcy, which was said to occur "in North America and Europe, probably as a result of introduction from South America and subsequent naturalization".
Petunia parviflora Juss.
NATIVE Stem: prostrate to decumbent, < 4 dm, rooting at nodes; axillary branches short, leafy. Leaf: 5--14 mm, +- oblanceolate, fleshy, +- sessile. Flower: calyx lobes 3--6 mm, < 11 mm in fruit, elliptic to narrowly obovate; corolla 4--6 mm, +- purple, tube +- white. Fruit: 2--3 mm. Seed: pale brown. Ecology: Open washes, dry streambeds; Elevation: < 1300 m. Bioregional Distribution: CW, SCo, n ChI (Santa Rosa Island), PR, DSon; Distribution Outside California: to southwestern Utah, southeastern United States, Mexico; also South America; waif elsewhere in United States. Flowering Time: Apr--Aug Note: Widely treated in Calibrachoa, which is the sister group of Petunia [Kulcheski et al. 2006 Genetica 126:3--14]; treated in Calibrachoa also by Fregonezi et al. [Taxon 61:120--130. 2012], who regarded it as probably native to South America, naturalized in North America, Europe. Synonyms: Calibrachoa parviflora (Juss.) D'Arcy Jepson eFlora Author: Michael H. Nee Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Petunia Next taxon: Physalis
Botanical illustration including Petunia parviflora
Citation for this treatment: Michael H. Nee 2012, Petunia parviflora, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=37378, accessed on April 24, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 24, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Petunia parviflora:
CW, SCo, n ChI (Santa Rosa Island), PR, DSon
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
