Common Name: HEATH FAMILY Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, tree. Stem: bark often peeling distinctively. Leaf: simple or 0, generally cauline, alternate, opposite (whorled), evergreen or deciduous, often leathery, petioled or not; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, cyme, or flowers 1, terminal or axillary, generally bracted; pedicel often with 2 bractlets. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, bell-shaped, cylindric, or urn-shaped; sepals generally (0)4--5, generally free; petals generally (0)4--5, free or fused; stamens (2--5)8--10, free, filaments rarely appendaged, anthers dehiscing by pores or slits, awns 0 or 2(4), seemingly abaxial, reduced or elongate, generally curved; nectary generally present at ovary base, generally disk-like; ovary superior or inferior, chambers generally 1--5, placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma head- to funnel-like or lobed. Fruit: capsule, drupe, berry. Seed: generally many, winged or not. Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 3000 species: generally worldwide except deserts; some cultivated, especially Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Rhododendron, Vaccinium. Note: Monophyletic only if Empetraceae included, as treated here. Ledum included in Rhododendron. Non-green plants obtain nutrition from green plants through fungal intermediates. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace, except as noted Scientific Editor: Gary D. Wallace, Thomas J. Rosatti, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Etymology: (Greek: straight spiral, from 1-sided raceme) Note: Once placed in Pyrola. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber Unabridged Reference: Haber & Cruise 1974 Canad J Bot 52:877--883
Orthilia secunda (L.) House
NATIVE Habit: Perennial herb, +- shrubby or not, < 20 cm, evergreen, rhizomed. Leaf: +- cauline, generally near base, 1.5--6 cm, ovate-elliptic, leathery or not, entire to finely crenate, petioled. Inflorescence: raceme, elongate, 1-sided, arched, +- erect in fruit; peduncle densely papillate; bracts several, generally lanceolate. Flower: radial, +- closed, parts in 5s, free; petals with 2 basal tubercles adaxially, +- green to cream-white; stamens 10, filaments +- narrow throughout, glabrous, anther pores not on tubes; nectary present; ovary superior, style straight, exserted, stigma peltate, lobes 5, shallow, domed. Fruit: capsule, pendent; valves opening base to tip, margins fibrous. Chromosomes: 2n=38. Ecology: Dry, shady, conifer forests; Elevation: 1000--3200 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, NCoRH, NCoRO, s CaRH, SNH, SnBr, SnJt, MP, SNE (exc W&I); Distribution Outside California: circumboreal, subarctic, North America, Central America, Eurasia. Flowering Time: Jul--Sep Synonyms: Pyrola secunda L. Jepson eFlora Author: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Orthilia Next taxon: Phyllodoce
Citation for this treatment: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber 2012, Orthilia secunda, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=35496, accessed on April 22, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 22, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Orthilia secunda:
KR, NCoRH, NCoRO, s CaRH, SNH, SnBr, SnJt, MP, SNE (exc W&I)
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).