Common Name: BELLFLOWER FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb [tree]. Leaf: generally cauline, generally simple, generally alternate, petioled or not; stipules 0. Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, raceme, spike, or flowers 1; terminal or in axils of leaf-like or reduced bracts. Flower: bisexual, cleistogamous or open, radial or bilateral, inverted (pedicel twisted 180°) or not; hypanthium generally present, +- fused to ovary; sepals generally 5; corolla radial to 2-lipped, petals generally fused, tube deeply divided on 1 side or not, lobes generally 5; stamens 5, free or +- fused (anthers, filaments fused into tube or filaments fused above middle); ovary inferior or 1/2 inferior (superior in fruit), chambers 1--3, placentas axile or parietal, ovules many, style generally 1, 2--5-branched. Fruit: generally capsule, open on sides or top by pores or short valves. Seed: many. Genera In Family: +- 90 genera, +- 2500 species: worldwide. Note: Some cultivated for ornament (Campanula, Jasione, Lobelia). Subfamilies sometimes treated as families. Positions of flower parts given after flowering inversion, if any. Parishella moved to Nemacladus. eFlora Treatment Author: Nancy R. Morin, except as noted Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Etymology: (Greek: different bell, from cleistogamous and open flowers)
Heterocodon rariflorum Nutt.
NATIVE Habit: Annual; roots fibrous. Stem: erect, 5--30 cm, simple or branched from base, 4-angled, thin, sparsely hairy. Leaf: cauline, 2--10 mm, round-cordate, thin, serrate, sessile. Inflorescence: flowers 1, sessile, terminal and at nodes, opposite or in axil of leaf. Flower: not inverted, lower cleistogamous; sepals 2--4 mm, widely triangular, leaf-like, toothed; corolla 3--5 mm, cylindric, tube white to pale blue, lobes +- 1.5 mm, triangular, ascending to suberect, spreading to erect at tips, deep blue; stamens +- 1.5 mm, filaments linear; ovary inferior, 2--3 mm, short-oblong, papery, generally with many long, stiff hairs, style 3 mm, distal 25% papillate. Fruit: open by lateral pores near base. Seed: 0.5 mm, elliptic. Ecology: Vernally wet places; Elevation: < 2500 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP; Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Nevada. Flowering Time: Apr--Jul Jepson eFlora Author: Nancy R. Morin Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Heterocodon Next taxon: Howellia
Botanical illustration including Heterocodon rariflorum
Citation for this treatment: Nancy R. Morin 2012, Heterocodon rariflorum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=28069, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
