Common Name: CARROT FAMILY
Habit: Annual to perennial herb [shrub, tree], generally from taproot. Stem: generally +- scapose, generally ribbed, hollow. Leaf: basal and generally cauline, generally alternate; stipules generally 0; petiole base generally sheathing stem; blade generally much dissected, occasionally compound. Inflorescence: umbel or head, simple or compound, generally peduncled; bracts present in involucres or 0; bractlets generally present in "involucels". Flower: many, small, generally bisexual (or some staminate), generally radial (or outer bilateral); calyx 0 or lobes 5, small; petals 5, free, generally ovate or spoon-shaped, generally incurved at tips, generally +- ephemeral; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 2-chambered, generally with a +- conic, persistent projection or platform at tip subtending 2 free styles. Fruit: 2 dry, 1-seeded halves (= mericarps), separating from each other but generally +- persistent to central axis; ribs on halves 5, 2 marginal, 3 to back; oil tubes 1--several per interval between ribs.
Genera In Family: 300 genera, 3000 species: +- worldwide, especially temperate; many cultivated for food or spice (e.g., Carum, caraway; Daucus; Petroselinum); Bupleurum lancifolium Hornem. is historical garden weed; some toxic (e.g., Conium). Note: Mature fruit generally critical in identification, shape given in outline. Hydrocotyle moved to Araliaceae, Orogenia moved to Lomatium, Sphenosciadium moved to Angelica. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Hill is a waif.
eFlora Treatment Author: Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.

Habit: Annual, perennial herb, taprooted, stellate-hairy. Stem: decumbent to erect, branched. Leaf: opposite to alternate; stipules occasionally +- fused distal to node when leaves opposite; blade ovate to round, palmately lobed to compound (+- entire). Inflorescence: umbels simple, few-flowered, peduncled or sessile; bracts generally present; pedicels 0 to short. Flower: calyx lobes generally 0; petals generally wide, obtuse to +- acute, tip not narrowed, not incurved. Fruit: ovate to ovoid-oblong, round, or spheric, cylindric to +- 4-angled or +- compressed front-to-back, stellate-hairy to prickly or +- glabrous; ribs obscure; fruit central axis not obvious. Seed: face +- flat.
Etymology: (Wm. Bowles, Irish writer on Spanish natural history, 1705--1780)
eFlora Treatment Author: Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax
Reference: Mathias & Constance 1965 Univ Calif Publ Bot 38:1--73