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URTICACEAE NETTLE FAMILY

Robert E. Preston & Dennis W. Woodland

Annual, perennial herb [to shrub, soft-wooded tree], hairs stinging and not [ glabrous]; monoecious or dioecious; wind-pollinated.
Leaf: alternate or opposite, generally stipuled, petioled, blade often with translucent, raised dots due to crystals in epidermal cells.
Inflorescence: axillary, 1-flowered or head-, raceme-, or panicle-like.
Flower: generally unisexual, small, ± green; sepals generally 4–5, free to fused; petals 0.
Staminate flower: stamens generally 4–5, opposite sepals, incurved in bud, reflexing suddenly when flower opens.
Pistillate flower: ovary 1, superior, chamber 1, style 0–1, stigma 1, generally hair-tufted.
Fruit: generally achene.
50 genera, 700 species: worldwide; some cultivated (Boehmeria, ramie; Pilea, clearweed). [Boufford 1997 FNANM 3:400–413] —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Miller 1971 J Arnold Arbor 52:40–68]

Key to Urticaceae

PARIETARIA PELLITORY
Hairs sparse to dense, stinging 0.
Stem: branches from base, decumbent to erect, generally herbaceous.
Leaf: alternate, blade 1–9 cm, lanceolate to round, entire; stipules 0; crystals round.
Inflorescence: head-, spike-, or panicle-like, generally few-flowered; flowers subtended by involucre of 1–3 lance- linear bracts.
Flower: sepals 4, fused below.
Staminate flower: stamens 4.
Fruit: ovoid, shiny.
20–30 species: worldwide temperate, subtrop. (Latin: wall, from habitat of some)
Unabridged references: [Hinton 1969 Sida 3:293–297]
Unabridged note: Parietaria floridana Nutt. collected as nursery weed in SCo.

Key to Parietaria

Previous taxon: Hesperocnide tenella
Next taxon: Parietaria hespera

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occursRed area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon;
markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
map of distribution 1

Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records.
Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.
Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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