Jepson Herbarium
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual to perennial herb (to tree).
Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous.
Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted.
Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2–7); petals 4(2–7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1–many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric.
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like).
Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted.
22 genera, ± 657 species: worldwide, especially w North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). [Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1–240] Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in n CA. —Scientific Editors: Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged references: [Munz 1965 North America Fl II 5:1–278]

Key to Onagraceae

Annual, occasionally perennial herb, from taproot.
Leaf: basal and cauline, alternate, lanceolate to ovate, pinnately lobed with large terminal lobe ( simple), margin dentate to entire, abaxial face and/or margin with ± conspicuous brown oil cells, long-petioled.
Inflorescence: erect or nodding raceme.
Flower: generally opening at dawn (occasionally at dusk); sepals 4, reflexed; petals 4, yellow or white (often fading orange-red) or lavender, generally fading red, if yellow generally strongly ultraviolet reflective, often with 1+ red spots near base, occasionally non-reflective near base or throughout; stamens (4)8, longer opposite sepals, anthers attached at middle, filaments long- ciliate or glabrous, pollen grains 3-angled at 20×; stigma entire and spheric or rarely conic-peltate, generally > anthers and cross-pollinated or ± = anthers and self-pollinated.
Fruit: straight to curved, not twisted or coiled, valves with obvious midrib, pedicelled.
Seed: in 2 rows per chamber, lenticular to narrowly ovoid, with ± pronounced membranous margin when immature.
16 species: w North America. (Greek: juice) [Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1–240] Incl in Camissonia in TJM (1993).
Unabridged references: [Raven 1969 Contr US Natl Herb 37:161–396]

Annual, perennial herb; rosette 0; hairs spreading, glandular or not.
Stem: < 100 cm.
Leaf: blade < 55 mm, ovate to rounded- cordate, irregularly dentate; petiole < 75 mm.
Inflorescence: dense, nodding.
Flower: opening at dusk; hypanthium 4.5–14 mm; sepals 3–9 mm; petals 3–12 mm, yellow or cream.
Fruit: 20–55 mm, ascending, cylindric, ± straight; pedicel 1–18 mm.
Seed: 0.5–0.7 mm.
2n=14. [Camissonia cardiophylla (Torr.) P.H. Raven] Generally cross-pollinated. 3 subspp., 2 in CA. [Online Interchange]
Unabridged synonyms: [Oenothera cardiophylla Torr.]

Occ some hairs glandular.
Leaf: cordate.
Flower: hypanthium 4.5–12 mm; petals 3–12 mm.
Sandy washes, slopes, rocky walls, creosote-bush scrub; < 600 m. c&s Mojave Desert (San Bernardino Co.), Sonoran Desert;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.