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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Annual to perennial herb (to tree).
Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous.
Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted.
Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2–7); petals 4(2–7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1–many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric.
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like).
Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted.
22 genera, ± 657 species: worldwide, especially w North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). [Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1–240] Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in n CA. —Scientific Editors: Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged references: [Munz 1965 North America Fl II 5:1–278]
Annual, stem 0, from taproot.Key to Tetrapteron
Leaf: mostly basal, or cauline on short stems, alternate, broadly sessile or clasping.
Inflorescence: flowers 1 in axils of rosette, nodding in bud.
Flower: opening at dawn; sepals 4, reflexed in pairs; petals 4, yellow, unspotted, strongly ultraviolet-reflective, fading red-orange; longer stamens opposite sepals, anthers attached near base, pollen grains 3-angled; ovary tip with sterile 0.4–18 cm projection that often breaks off in fruit, with clear abscission line at juncture between short hypanthium and fertile part of ovary, stigma hemispheric, ± = anthers and generally self-pollinated (or > anthers and cross-pollinating).
Fruit: irregularly obovoid, sharply 4-angled with pointed wing near center top of each valve, ± sessile, very tardily dehiscent in distal 1/2 only, thick-walled (not distended by seeds), persistent for > 1 yr, sessile.
Seed: in 2 crowded rows per chamber, obovoid to narrowly obovoid, finely papillate or deeply pitted, tan or brown with dark patches.
2 species: CA, disjunct in nw NV, s OR, n Baja CA. (Greek: four winged) [Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1–240] Incl in Camissonia in TJM (1993).
Unabridged references: [Raven 1969 Contr US Natl Herb 37:161–396]
Previous taxon: Taraxia tanacetifolia
Next taxon: Tetrapteron graciliflorum
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
| Bioregions in which taxon occurs | Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues. |
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
View all CCH records
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