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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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[(Annual), shrub], perennial herb generally from [ bulb], corm, or rhizome.
Stem: generally erect, generally ± round in ×-section.
Leaf: generally basal (few cauline), 2-ranked, ± sword-shaped, blade edge-wise to stem, with midvein or not; bases overlapped, sheathing.
Inflorescence: generally ± terminal; spikes, umbel-like cymes, or flowers 1; flowers in spikes or 1 subtended by 2 subopposite flower bracts; umbel-like cymes enclosed by 2 subopposite, generally large, leaf-like inflorescence bracts, including various flower bracts.
Flower: bisexual ( unisexual), radial, with stamens erect, enclosing style, or bilateral, with stamens, style to 1 side, stamens not enclosing style; perianth radial, parts free or generally fused into tube above ovary, generally petal-like, in 2 series of 3, outer ± like inner (or not, in Iris, parts in that genus called sepals, petals), upper ± like lower or not; stamens 3, attached at base of outer 3 perianth parts or in tube, generally free; ovary inferior [(superior)], [(1)]3-chambered, placentas axile [( parietal)], style 1, branches 3, entire to 2-branched, thread- or petal-like with stigma abaxial, proximal to tip.
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal.
Seed: few to many.
± 65 genera, ± 2050 species: worldwide, especially Africa; many cultivated (e.g., Crocus, Dietes, Freesia, Gladiolus, Iris, Sisyrinchium). [Goldblatt & Manning 2008 The Iris Family: Natural History and Classification. Timber Press] Gladiolus italicus Mill., Gladiolus tristis L. are urban weeds. Sparaxis grandiflora (D. Delaroche) Ker Gawl., Sparaxis tricolor (Schneev.) Ker Gawl. are waifs. —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Perennial; corm conic, cover fibrous.
Stem: branched or not.
Inflorescence: spike, ± horizontal, flowers on upper side of axis, flower bracts green or partly membranous.
Flower: bilateral, often fragrant; perianth tube funnel-shaped, narrow below, expanded above, upper perianth lobe > others; stamens free, generally included in tube; style branches divided ± to middle.
Seed: many.
± 16 species: s and e Africa. (Friedrich H.T. Freese, German physician, botanist, 1795–1876) [Goldblatt & Manning 1995 Syst Bot 20:161–178]
Unabridged references: [Goldblatt 1982 J S African Bot 48:39–91]
Several species, hybrids cultivated as ornamental.
Previous taxon: Freesia
Next taxon: Iris
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
| Bioregions in which taxon occurs | Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues. |
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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