Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Annual to tree; generally with stellate hairs, often with bristles or peltate scales; juice generally mucilage-like; bark fibrous.
Leaf: generally cauline, alternate, petioled, simple [palmate- compound], generally palmate-lobed and/or veined, generally toothed, evergreen or not; stipules persistent or not.
Inflorescence: head, spike, raceme, or panicle, in panicle or not (a compound panicle), or flowers >= 1 in leaf axils, or flowers generally 1 opposite a leaf or on a spur; bracts leaf-like or not; bractlets 0 or on flowering stalks, often closely subtending calyx, generally in involucel.
Flower: generally bisexual, radial; sepals 5, generally fused at base, abutting in bud, larger in fruit or not, nectaries as tufts of glandular hairs at base; petals (0)5, free from each other but generally fused at base to, falling with filament tube, clawed or not; stamens 5–many, filaments fused for most of length into tube around style, staminodes 5, alternate stamens, or generally 0; pistil 1, ovary superior, stalked or generally not, chambers generally >= 5, styles or style branches, stigmas generally 1 or 1–2 × chamber number.
Fruit: loculicidal capsule, [ berry], or 5–many, disk- or wedge-shaped segments (= mericarps).
266 genera, 4025 species: worldwide, especially warm regions; some cultivated (e.g., Abelmoschus okra; Alcea hollyhock; Gossypium cotton; Hibiscus hibiscus). [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553] Recently treated to include Bombacaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae. Mature fruit needed for identification; "outer edges" are surfaces between sides and back (abaxial surface) of segment. "Fl stalk" used instead of "pedicel", "peduncle", especially where both needed (i.e., when flowers both 1 in leaf axils and otherwise). —Scientific Editors: Steven R. Hill, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Alverson et al. 1999 Amer J Bot 86:1474–1486; Bayer et al. 1999 Bot J Linn Soc 129:267–303; Hill 2009 Madroño 56:104–111]

Key to Malvaceae

Annual, perennial herb, subshrub, canescent to stellate-hairy, with longer hairs or not.
Leaf: petioled; blade lance- linear to triangular, entire to deeply dissected.
Inflorescence: raceme-like ( flowers clustered in bract axils) or panicle; bractlets (0)1–3, inconspicuous, generally deciduous, thread-like.
Flower: petals obovate, white, lavender, pink, rose-pink, salmon- or red-orange, or apricot; filament tube hairs 0 or stellate, anthers generally ± yellow or ± purple; stigmas head-like.
Fruit: segments 9–17, 1–2-seeded, below indehiscent, strongly net-veined, above dehiscent, smooth.
Seed: gray, black, or brown.
± 50 species: arid Am. (Greek: globe mallow, from fruit shape) Polyploidy, intermediates common.
Unabridged references: [Fryxell 1988 Syst Bot Monogr 25:421–438]

Subshrub.
Stem: erect, ± 3 dm.
Leaf: blade 15–20 mm, widely ovate, 5-veined, light green, entire, base truncate to cordate; lobes 3, deep, rounded or pointed, each ± lobed or divided.
Inflorescence: panicle, tip generally with leaf-like bracts; flowering stalks < calyx.
Flower: sepals 13–15 mm; petals < 20 mm, red-orange; filament tube ± 9 mm, hairy, anthers yellow.
Fruit: segments ± 13, ± 5 mm, 2 mm wide, ± truncate- spheric, dehiscent part ± 3 mm, ± 60% of segment.
Seed: 1–2 per segment, black-gray, glabrous to ± hairy.
2n=10,20. Desert scrub; 1000–1500 m. n Desert Mountains (Death Valley region, e Inyo Co.; Clark Mtn Range, ne San Bernardino Co.).

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.