Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Annual to tree, glandular or not.
Leaf: simple to palmately or pinnately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused (0), persistent to deciduous.
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, cluster, or flowers 1; bractlets on pedicel (" pedicel bractlets") generally 0–3(many), subtended by bract or generally not.
Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, subtending bractlets (" hypanthium bractlets") 0–5, alternate sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0,1)5–many, anther pollen sacs generally 2; pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound, ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5.
Fruit: 1–many per flower, achene ( fleshy-coated or not), follicle, drupe, or pome with generally papery core, occasionally drupe-like with 1–5 stones.
Seed: generally 1–5 (per fruit, not per flower).
110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temperate; many cultivated for ornamental, fruit, especially Cotoneaster, Fragaria, Malus, Prunus, Pyracantha, Rosa, Rubus. [Potter et al. 2007 Plant Syst Evol 266:5–43] Number of teeth is per leaf or leaflet, not per side of leaf or leaflet, except in Drymocallis. —Scientific Editors: Daniel Potter, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332, 344–401, 611–662]

Key to Rosaceae

Shrub, tree.
Leaf: simple, alternate or clustered on short- shoots, entire to serrate, generally glabrous, generally glandular on teeth and at blade-petiole junction, veins pinnate; stipules deciduous.
Inflorescence: raceme, cluster, or flowers 1; pedicel bractlets 0.
Flower: hypanthium cup- to urn-shaped, deciduous in fruit, bractlets 0; sepals erect to reflexed; stamens generally 10–30, generally in 2+ whorls; pistil 1, ovary superior, chamber 1, ovules 2, style 1, stigma ± spheric or disk-like.
Fruit: drupe, generally ovoid to spheric.
200+ species: worldwide, especially n temperate. (Greek: plum, prune) Seeds of many species ± TOXIC from production of hydrocyanic acid. Many cultivated for wood, ornamental, edible fruit; some persisting near human habitations, some possibly naturalized (e.g., Prunus laurocerasus L.).
Unabridged note: Many cult for wood, ornamental, edible fruit; some persisting near human habitation (Prunus armeniaca L., apricot; Prunus avium (L.) L., sweet cherry; Prunus caroliniana (Mill.) Aiton; Prunus cerasus L., sour cherry; Prunus domestica L., plum; Prunus laurocerasus L., laurel cherry; Prunus lusitanica L., Portugal laurel; Prunus mahaleb L.; Prunus munsoniana W. Wight & Hedrick; Prunus speciosa (Koidz.) Nakai; Prunus yedoensis Matsum.).

Shrub, tree < 15 m, not thorny.
Leaf: evergreen; petiole 3–25 mm; blade 16–120 mm, ovate to round, entire or spiny- serrate, base rounded to subcordate, tip rounded to acuminate, generally mucronate.
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers 15–many; pedicels 1–5 mm.
Flower: sepals glabrous, entire; petals 1–3 mm, white to ± yellow.
Fruit: 12–25 mm, glabrous, red to blue-black; pulp fleshy, thin. [Online Interchange]
Unabridged note: Expanded author citation: Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) D. Dietr.

Plant < 9 m.
Leaf: petiole 3–10 mm; blade widely ovate to round, margin spiny- serrate, ± wavy, tip acute to rounded.
Fruit: 12–18 mm, generally red.
Canyons, slopes, scrubland, woodland; < 1600 m. s North Coast Ranges, Central Western California, Southwestern California (except Channel Islands);

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.