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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Annual to shrub, some aquatic.
Leaf: basal or cauline, alternate or opposite ( whorled), simple, entire to dentate or lobed, venation generally pinnate; stipules 0.
Inflorescence: raceme, spike, or flowers axillary in 1–few-flowered clusters; flowers few to many, each subtended by 1 bract.
Flower: unisexual or bisexual, radial or bilateral; sepals 4–5, generally fused at base; corolla 4–5-lobed, scarious or not, persistent or not, generally 2-lipped, upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower generally 3-lobed, spur present or not, tube sac-like at base or not; stamens 2 or 4, alternate corolla lobes, epipetalous, staminode 0 or 1–2, anthers opening by 2 slits; ovary superior, [1]2–4-chambered, style 1, stigma lobes 0 or 2.
Fruit: generally a capsule, septicidal, loculicidal, circumscissile, or dehiscing by terminal slits or pores.
110 genera, ± 2000 species: worldwide, especially temperate. [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553; Olmstead et al. 2001 Molec Phylogen Evol 16:96–112] Veronicaceae sensu Olmstead et al. Recently treated to include Callitrichaceae, Hippuridaceae, and most non-parasitic CA genera of Scrophulariaceae (except Buddleja, Limosella, Mimulus, Myoporum, Scrophularia, Verbascum). CA Maurandya moved to Holmgrenanthe and Maurandella. Limnophila ×ludoviciana Thieret an occasional agricultural weed in rice fields. Hebe ×franciscana (Eastw.) Souster, Hebe speciosa (R. Cunn.) Andersen only cultivated. —Scientific Editors: Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Perennial to shrub.Key to Penstemon
Leaf: generally opposite, entire to toothed; distal sessile.
Inflorescence: panicle, raceme, cyme, or flowers in whorls; bracts generally small.
Flower: calyx lobes 5, ± equal; corolla tube ± cylindric or lower side expanded, ± 2-lipped, generally pink or blue to purple (some red, yellow, or white), upper lip 2-lobed, external in bud; stamens 4, filament bases glabrous, attached to corolla at different levels, anther sacs 2, valves generally spreading ± flat at dehiscence; staminode attached near base of corolla tube, well developed, generally hairy adaxially; nectaries 2, at bases of upper stamens; stigma unlobed.
Fruit: septicidal and sometimes also loculicidal at tip.
Seed: generally many, irregularly angled.
250 species: North America, especially w US. (Latin & Greek: almost thread, from stamen-like staminode) [Wolfe et al. 2006 Amer J Bot 93:1699–1713] Largest genus of flowering plants endemic to North America. Penstemon subglaber, Penstemon strictus may persist in SNH, from commercial wildflower seed mixes or plantings; both native to Rocky Mtns.
Unabridged references: [Holmgren 1984 In Cronquist et al. Intermountain Flora 4:370–457]
Subshrub generally < 40 cm; herbage subglabrous to glandular-hairy.
Leaf: opposite (in CA), dentate; cauline leaves 8–50 mm.
Inflorescence: ± glandular.
Flower: corolla 8–15 mm, cream-white, dark-lined, glandular outside and on floor; anther sacs 0.5–0.7 mm, valves spreading flat; staminode glabrous or bearded distally.
2n=16. [Online Interchange]
Leaf: 7–28 mm wide, ovate to ± round.
Flower: calyx 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes narrowly lanceolate, sharply acute or long- tapered; corolla 9–11 mm; staminode bearded.
Open forest; 600–2200 m. Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, s High Cascade Range, n High Sierra Nevada;
Previous taxon: Penstemon deustus var. pedicellatus
Next taxon: Penstemon eatonii
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
| Bioregions in which taxon occurs | Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues. |
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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