Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Perennial in soil or rock crevices; rhizome generally short-creeping, ascending, or erect, scales small to large, generally tan to brown, generally uniformly colored.
Leaf: generally tufted or short-spaced, 5–200+ cm, generally ± alike; stipe firm or fleshy (easily crushed), base darker or not, with 2 vascular strands; blade generally 1–3- pinnate, ± glabrous or with hairs, hair-like scales, or gland-tipped hairs on axes, veins generally free (or netted); rachis, costa generally grooved adaxially.
Sporangia: sori round, oblong, J-shaped, or linear along veins; indusia 0 or oblong, J-shaped, reniform, or linear, or of many segmented hair- or scale-like fragments or lobes encircling sorus from below; spores elliptic, winged, ridged, or spiny, scar linear.
± 15 genera, 700 species: worldwide, especially tropics, wooded areas, but some genera (e.g., Cystopteris, Woodsia) generally temperate. See note, reference (Smith et al. 2006 Taxon 55:705–731) under Dryopteridaceae for removal of genera from that family to this. —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Woodsiaceae

Rhizome short-creeping to suberect, stout.
Leaf: stipe stout, fleshy, easily crushed, straw-colored except base generally blackened, base scaly, ×-section with 2 crescent-shaped vascular strands; blade generally >= 2- pinnate, pinnae of equal sides, ± glabrous or minutely hairy, veins free.
Sporangia: sori ± round, ± oblong, or J-shaped; indusia 0, oblong, J-shaped, or reniform, laterally attached.
± 100 species: generally n temperate, especially e Asia. (Greek: doorless, from enclosed sori)

Leaf: blade elliptic to lanceolate, 1–2- pinnate-pinnatifid, lower 2–4 pinna pairs generally << those above, ultimate segments pinnately lobed to ± toothed, midribs below near base often with minute, branched hairs 0.1–0.2 mm.
2n=80. Woodland, along streams, seepage areas; < 3200 m. California Floristic Province (except Tehachapi Mountain Area, Sacramento Valley, Inner South Coast Ranges, South Coast, Western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges), Modoc Plateau;

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Next taxon: Cystopteris

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.