Jepson Herbarium
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Annual to shrub [ tree, vine], glabrous to hairy, generally aromatic.
Stem: generally erect, generally 4-angled.
Leaf: generally simple to deeply lobed, generally opposite, generally gland-dotted.
Inflorescence: generally cymes, generally many in dense axillary clusters surrounding stem, generally separated by evident internodes or collectively crowded, spike- or panicle-like, occasionally head-like or raceme, subtended by leaves or bracts; flowers sessile or pedicelled.
Flower: generally bisexual; calyx generally 5-lobed, radial to bilateral; corolla generally bilateral, 1–2-lipped, upper lip entire or 2-lobed, ± flat to hood-like, occasionally 0, lower lip generally 3-lobed; stamens generally 4, epipetalous, generally exserted, paired, pairs generally unequal, occasionally 2, staminodes 2 or 0; ovary superior, generally 4-lobed to base chambers 2, ovules 2 per chamber, style 1, generally arising from center at junction of lobes, stigmas generally 2.
Fruit: generally 4 nutlets, generally ovoid to oblong, smooth.
± 230 genera, 7200 species: worldwide. Many cultivated for herbs, oils (Lavandula, lavender; Mentha, mint; Rosmarinus, rosemary; Thymus, thyme), some cult as ornamental (in CA Cedronella, Leonotis, Monarda, Phlomis). [Harley et al. 2004 Fam Generally Vasc Plant 7:167–275] Moluccella laevis L., shell flower, historical waif in CA. Satureja calamintha (L.) Scheele subsp. ascendens (Jordan) Briq. reported as alien but not naturalized. Salazaria moved to Scutellaria; CA Satureja moved to Clinopodium. —Scientific Editors: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.

Key to Lamiaceae

Annual to shrub, ± gland-dotted, scented.
Leaf: entire to serrate, margin flat or wavy; petioles 0 or present, often grading into blade.
Inflorescence: flowers in compact clusters of >= 1 per main stem, these occasionally arrayed in panicles (rarely spikes); flowers 3–100 per cluster; bracts generally erect in a cup-like involucre or reflexed, reduced in size inward, leaf-like to membranous in texture, green or straw-colored to rose or purple, linear to ovate, acuminate to acute or obtuse.
Flower: calyx 5-lobed; 4–25 mm; corolla white to purple or yellow to red, weakly bilateral, upper lip erect, 2-lobed, lower lip recurved, 3-lobed; stamens 4; style unequally 2-lobed.
> 30 species: w North America. (Latin: small Monarda) [Elvin & Sanders 2009 Novon 19:315–343; Epling 1925 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 12:1–106; Jepson 1943 Fl California 431–444] Complex; study needed; many taxa intergrade; flower cluster width and bract orientation given for pressed specimens. Lf length including petiole, if present. M. Brunell authored Monardella follettii (in part), Monardella odoratissima (in part), Monardella palmeri, Monardella purpurea, Monardella sheltonii (in part), Monardella stebbinsii, Monardella villosa (in part).
Unabridged references: [Abrams 1951 Ill Fl Pac Sts V III:648–660]

Subshrub, matted to erect, open, rhizomed; hairs generally > 0.5 mm, appressed to spreading, sparse to dense, soft, wavy, or woolly, glandular and not, branched or not.
Leaf: 10–30 mm (including petiole, 5–10 mm), length < 1–3.3 × width, lanceolate to ovate or widely triangular- ovate, serrate or crenate ( entire), base truncate to obtuse or tapered; abaxially glandular-hairy, woolly or not.
Inflorescence: flower clusters generally 1–6(10) per main stem, 10–40 mm wide; bracts 10–30 mm, reflexed; bracts generally leaf-like in texture, color, hairiness (or innermost of middle series ± scarious proximally), innermost linear to elliptic-ovate.
Flower: calyx tube hairy, glandular, hairs on lobes generally similar to hairs on tube (or stiff- spreading); corolla 10–20 mm, white or pink to purple, lobes obtuse. [Online Interchange]
Unabridged note: Lf length-to-width ratio > 3 in inland n NCoRO (Humboldt Co.), <= 1 in s NCo and CCo. Fl clusters occasionally 6–10 per main stem in KR, n NCoR. If recognized taxonomically, plants of coastal foothills of Santa Lucia Range, from San Luis Obispo Co. n and possibly to Santa Cruz Co., with purple scarious bracts, and ovate, glabrous to sparsely hairy leaves assignable to Monardella villosa var. subglabra Hoover. Literature reports of hybridization involving that entity, Monardella palmeri, and Monardella villosa subsp. obispoensis in the Alder Creek area of Monterey Co. have not been confirmed. The following (and possibly other) accessions filed as Monardella villosa, if verified to subsp., would represent range extensions (as indicated): UC1124601 (CaRF); UC1565055 (s SNH).

Plant ascending to erect, 15–30 cm, tufted to matted in age; hairs simple and branched, branched hairs many on stem, leaves.
Leaf: 15–25 mm, 8–15 mm wide, ± narrowly ovate, hairy, base tapered to obtuse; adaxially green; abaxially white- tomentose, often obscuring leaf surface.
Inflorescence: flower cluster 1, 15–25 mm wide, generally subtended by unmodified leaves; bracts ovate.
Flower: corolla white to lavender, tube exserted.
Chaparral, oak woodland; < 1500 m. s Central Coast, s Outer South Coast Ranges.

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.