Jepson Herbarium
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Annual to perennial herb; generally fleshy.
Stem: 1–many, generally glabrous.
Leaf: simple, alternate or opposite.
Inflorescence: axillary or terminal; cyme, raceme, panicle, umbel, or flower 1.
Flower: bisexual, radial; sepals generally 2(9), free; petals (1)2–19, free or ± fused; stamens 1–many, epipetalous or not, anthers pink, rose, or yellow; ovary superior, chamber 1, ovules 1–many, placenta basal or free-central; styles (0)1–8, generally fused at base, branched.
Fruit: capsule, circumscissile or 2–3-valved.
Seed: 1–many, shiny or ± pebbly or sculptured, black or gray, generally with oil-filled appendage as food for ants.
± 22 genera, ± 230 species: generally temperate America, Asia, Australia, Eur, Kerguelen Is, New Zealand, s Africa, poorly represented in Eur; some cultivated (Lewisia, Calandrinia). [Ogburn & Edwards 2009 Amer J Bot 96:391–408] Details of flowers, seeds require 20× magnification. —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Applequist et al. 2006 Syst Bot 31:310–319; Nyffeler et al. 2008 Haseltonia 14: 26–36]
Unabridged note: May include Hectorellaceae.

Key to Montiaceae

Annual, perennial herb, from stolon, rhizome, tuberous root, or taproot, glabrous, ± fleshy.
Leaf: entire; basal generally 0–many, rosetted; cauline generally 2, ± opposite, free, ± fused on 1 side, or fused into ± disk.
Inflorescence: terminal, raceme, 1-sided; pedicel reflexed, in fruit erect.
Flower: petals 5, pink or white; stamens 5; ovary chamber 1, placentas basal, style 1, stigmas 3.
Fruit: valves 3, margins inrolling, forcibly expelling seeds.
Seed: 3–6, generally black, generally appendaged.
27 species: C.Am, North America, e Asia, Siberia. (John Clayton, colonial Am botanist, 1694–1773) [Miller & Chambers 2006 Syst Bot Monogr 78:1–236]
Unabridged references: [Miller 2003 FNANM 4:465–474; Miller & Chambers 1993 Novon 3:268–273; Miller & Chambers 2006 Systematics of Claytonia Syst Bot Monogr 78:1–236]

Annual.
Stem: 1–40 cm, spreading to erect.
Leaf: basal 1–25 cm, blade < 4 cm, < 3 × longer than wide, elliptic to reniform, tip rounded to acute, petiole linear; cauline fused into < 10 cm diam, round, ± obtuse-angled, or ± square disk (or free on 1 side).
Inflorescence: stalked or not, open or dense, 1-bracted at base; flowers 5–40.
Flower: sepals 1.5–5 mm; petals 2–6 mm, white or ± pink.
Fruit: 1.5–4 mm.
Seed: 1.2–2.7 mm, ovate to round, shiny, smooth. Highly variable; subspp. difficult because of environmental modification of character states, genetic mixing among polyploids, and geog overlap of distinct, self-pollinated forms. [Online Interchange]

Leaf: basal elliptic to deltate, tip obtuse to acute ( mucronate); cauline generally round or ± obtuse-angled.
2n=24,36,48,60. Vernally moist, often shady or disturbed sites; < 1000 m. California Floristic Province;

Previous taxon: Claytonia perfoliata subsp. mexicana
Next taxon: Claytonia rubra

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.