Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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[Annual] per from slender, creeping rhizome, glabrous, aquatic, submersed; monoecious.
Stem: thread-like, weak.
Leaf: alternate to ± whorled, linear; stipules fused to blade or free, sheath-like.
Inflorescence: axillary, generally ± cyme, sessile, bract 1, cup-like; staminate flowers below pistillate.
Flower: unisexual [ bisexual].
Staminate flower: perianth parts 0 (or 3, minute, scale-like); stamens 1 (or possibly 2–3 but then united, appearing as 1).
Pistillate flower: perianth parts 0; pistils (1)4–5(9), ovaries superior, 1-chambered, 1-ovuled, 1-styled.
Fruit: achene-like drupe.
4 genera, 10–12 species: ± worldwide. [Haynes & Hellquist 2000 FNANM 22:84–85] —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Perennial.
Stem: generally few-branched.
Leaf: entire.
Inflorescence: staminate flowers generally 1, pistillate 2–4[6], pedicelled in fruit or not.
Staminate flower: stamen 1, filament slender, anther 2–4-chambered.
Pistillate flower: style short, stigma peltate.
Fruit: compressed, abaxially curved, ridged, toothed, adaxially ± straight, base stalk-like, tip beaked.
± 5 species: ± worldwide. (G.G. Zannichelli, Venetian botanist, 1662–1729)
Unabridged etymology: (Gian G. Zannichelli, Venetian botanist, 1662–1729)

Stem: 3–10 dm.
Leaf: 2–10 cm; blade < 1 mm wide, tip acute.
Fruit: 1.7–4 mm; beak 1–1.5 mm.
2n=12,24,28,32,36. Streams, ponds, lakes; < 2200 m. ± California (except possibly Klamath Ranges, Sierra Nevada);

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.