Common Name: BARBERRY FAMILY Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, [tree], generally rhizomed, caudexed or not, glabrous, glaucous, or hairy. Stem: spreading to erect, branched or not. Leaf: simple, 1--3-ternate, or pinnately compound, basal and cauline, generally alternate, deciduous or evergreen, petioled, stipuled. Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, or panicle, scapose, terminal, or axillary. Flower: generally bisexual, radial; sepals 6--18 or 0, generally in whorls of 3; petals generally 6, in 2 whorls of 3, or 0; stamens 6--12(13), free or fused at base, in 2 whorls or not, anthers dehiscent by flap-like valves or longitudinal slits; ovary superior, chamber 1, ovules generally 1--10, style 1 or 0, stigma flat or spheric. Fruit: berry, capsule, achene [follicle]. Genera In Family: 16 genera, +- 670 species: temperate, tropics worldwide; some cultivated (Berberis, Epimedium, Nandina (heavenly bamboo), Vancouveria). Note: Lower sepals sometimes called "bracteoles," inner petals "staminodes". eFlora Treatment Author: Michael P. Williams Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: INSIDE-OUT-FLOWER Habit: Perennial herb, rhizomes extensive, scales brown. Stem: 0. Leaf: basal, long-petioled, 2--3-ternate; leaflet blades ovate to +- cordate, lobes 3, shallow, teeth 0 or shallow. Inflorescence: raceme or panicle, +- scapose, open, long-peduncled; flowers spreading to pendent. Flower: sepals generally 12--15, 8--9 mm, outer 6--9 << inner 6, bract-like, deciduous, inner petal-like, persistent, in age reflexed; petals 6, < inner sepals, reflexed from base, distally glandular; stamens generally 6, held against ovary, style, anther valves flap-like, pointed tipward; ovules 2--10, style 1, < ovary, persistent, beak-like in fruit, stigma cup-like. Fruit: capsule, 2-valved, generally elliptic. Seed: with oily body for ant dispersal. Etymology: (Captain George Vancouver, British explorer, 1757--1798) Note: Pedicel appears to arise from inside flower, from tip instead of base, yielding an upside-down or "inside-out" flower. Reference: Zhang 2007 Syst Bot 32:81--92 Unabridged Reference: Stearn 1938 J Linn Soc Bot 51:409--535
Vancouveria hexandra (Hook.) C. Morren & Decne.
NATIVE Leaf: deciduous in fruit, 8--27 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparse-hairy; petiole generally glabrous, in age straw-colored. Inflorescence: +- raceme, branched below or not; axis, pedicels glabrous. Flower: outer sepals 2--4 mm, inner 5--7 mm; petals 4--6 mm, white, tip strongly reflexed, +- hood-like; filaments red-glandular. Fruit: body 8--10(15) mm, short glandular-hairy. Chromosomes: 2n=12. Ecology: Conifer forest; Elevation: < 1900 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCo, w KR, n NCoRO; Distribution Outside California: to western Washington. Flowering Time: May--Jul Jepson eFlora Author: Michael P. Williams Reference: Zhang 2007 Syst Bot 32:81--92 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Vancouveria chrysantha Next taxon: Vancouveria planipetala
Botanical illustration including Vancouveria hexandra
Citation for this treatment: Michael P. Williams 2012, Vancouveria hexandra, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=47782, accessed on April 18, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 18, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
