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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Perennial, glabrous; monoecious; rhizomes or stolons long; colonial, in wet soil to aquatic.
Stem: aerial stem 1, ± cylindric.
Leaf: basal and cauline, alternate, 2-ranked, spongy; sheath open; ligule 0; blade ± linear.
Inflorescence: spike-like or of spheric, unisexual heads; staminate flowers or heads distal to pistillate ones.
Flower: small, densely-packed.
Staminate flower: filaments fused proximally.
Pistillate flower: pistil 1, ovary superior, ovules 1–2(4).
Fruit: follicle, splitting in water, or drupe-like.
2 genera, ± 32 species: worldwide. —Scientific Editors: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Key to Typha
Stem: erect, simple, cylindric, firm, air cavities 0.
Leaf: ascending; blade C-shaped or planoconvex in ×-section proximally, flat distally, internal air cavities large; sheath-tip lobes present or not.
Inflorescence: terminal; flowers 1000+; staminate flowers distal, mixed with many papery scales; pistillate flowers proximal, clustered on peg-like compound pedicels; bractlets many, thread-like with enlarged tips generally visible at spike surface, or 0.
Staminate flower: stamens 2–7 on slender stalk; filaments slender, generally deciduous in fruit.
Pistillate flower: stalk long-hairy, persistent; ovary chambers 1, style 1, persistent, stigma 1; many modified pistils with enlarged sterile ovary, style deciduous.
Fruit: fusiform, thin-walled, yellow-brown, wind-dispersed.
± 15 species: boreal to tropics worldwide. (Greek: to smoke or emit smoke) [Smith 2000 FNANM 22:278–285] Dissecting microscope ideal for Typha identification (flower structures small), which is complicated by hybridization.
Unabridged note: Typha angustifolia × Typha latifolia (Typha × glauca Godr., pro sp.) and Typha domingensis × Typha latifolia (Typha × provincialis A. Camus) are generally highly sterile and intermediate between parents in most characters. Typha angustifolia × Typha domingensis are generally highly fertile, thus species boundaries are locally obscure. Hybrids involving 3 species are locally common. Although putative hybrids may produce no or few seeds they generally form long-persistent clones.
Plant 15–30 dm.
Stem: 2–3 mm diam at inflorescence.
Leaf: sheath-tip lobes ear-like, membranous, disintegrating with age; widest fresh blades 4–15 mm wide, dry 3–8 mm wide, glands 0.
Inflorescence: naked stem between staminate, pistillate flowers 1–12 cm; staminate scales hair- to strap-like, brown; pistillate spike dark brown; compound pedicels short, ± blunt, peg-like in fruit, ± 0.5 mm; pistillate bractlets blunt, length = pistillate flower hairs, width >= stigma width, dark brown, generally darker than stigma.
Flower: pollen grains single; stigma linear, ± white in flower, light brown in age; sterile ovary green, drying brown, visible at spike surface, reaching pistil hair tips; pistil hair tips swollen, uniformly brown.
2n=30. Nutrient-rich freshwater to brackish marshes, wet disturbed places; < 2000 m. Northwestern California, Sierra Nevada, Great Central Valley, Central Coast, San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast;
Previous taxon: Typha
Next taxon: Typha domingensis
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
| Bioregions in which taxon occurs | Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues. |
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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