Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

Directory       News       Site Map       Home

Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual to shrub, or non-green root parasite, generally bristly or sharp-hairy.
Stem: prostrate to erect.
Leaf: cauline, often with basal rosette, simple or compound, generally alternate.
Inflorescence: cymes, generally elongate, panicle-, raceme-, or spike-like, generally coiled in flower (often described as scorpioid), generally uncoiled in fruit, or heads, spikes, or panicles, or flowers 1–2 per axil.
Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals (4)5(10), fused at least at base, or free; corolla generally (4)5(10)-lobed, salverform, funnel-shaped, rotate, or bell-shaped, appendages 0 or 5 at top of tube, alternate stamens; stamens epipetalous; ovary superior, entire to 4-lobed, style 1(2), entire or 2-lobed or -branched.
Fruit: nutlets 1–4, free ( fused), smooth to roughened, prickly or bristly or not, or valvate or circumscissile capsule.
± 120 genera, ± 2300 species: tropics, temperate, especially w North America, Medit; some cultivated (Borago, Heliotropium, Echium, Myosotis, Nemophila, Phacelia, Symphytum). Many genera may be TOXIC from pyrrolizidine alkaloids or accumulated nitrates. [Olmsted et al. 2000 Molec Phylogen Evol 16:96–112] Recently treated to include Hydrophyllaceae, Lennoaceae. —Scientific Editors: Ronald B. Kelley, Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Boraginaceae

Annual to subshrub, variously hairy, glandular or not; ± taprooted, rhizome generally 0.
Stem: prostrate.
Leaf: cauline, generally clustered, evergreen, petioled, margin rolled under, entire or ± crenate.
Inflorescence: ± axillary; flowers 1 or clustered, sessile.
Flower: radial to ± bilateral; calyx lobes 5, not enlarged in fruit; corolla generally ± funnel-shaped, tube yellow in youth, appendages 0; style 2-lobed, stigmas 2.
Fruit: nutlets 1–4, not separate to base, 4-grooved to deep-4-lobed, ± tubercled or not.
27 species: w hemisphere deserts. (Native South America name for flower)
Unabridged references: [Richardson 1977 Rhodora 79:467–572]
Unabridged note: Separated from Coldenia of e hemisphere prior to TJM (1993).

Perennial, not woody, matted; rhizomed.
Stem: branches opposite, ± glandular.
Leaf: clustered, white- canescent; blade 3–12 mm, obovate to wide- ovate, margin entire, lateral veins 4–7 pairs, deeply sunken.
Inflorescence: flowers clustered in leaf axils; bracts 0.
Flower: calyx 2–3 mm, lobes ± free, hairs within long; corolla 4–6 mm, 2–3 mm diam, blue to lavender; style > calyx, branched 1/2–4/5.
Fruit: deeply 4-lobed; nutlets ovoid, smooth, shiny.
n=8. Dunes, sandy gravel flats; < 1100 m. Desert;

Previous taxon: Tiquilia palmeri
Next taxon: Tricardia

Contact/Feedback

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.

Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.