Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Annual to tree, glandular or not.
Leaf: simple to palmately or pinnately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused (0), persistent to deciduous.
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, cluster, or flowers 1; bractlets on pedicel (" pedicel bractlets") generally 0–3(many), subtended by bract or generally not.
Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, subtending bractlets (" hypanthium bractlets") 0–5, alternate sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0,1)5–many, anther pollen sacs generally 2; pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound, ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5.
Fruit: 1–many per flower, achene ( fleshy-coated or not), follicle, drupe, or pome with generally papery core, occasionally drupe-like with 1–5 stones.
Seed: generally 1–5 (per fruit, not per flower).
110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temperate; many cultivated for ornamental, fruit, especially Cotoneaster, Fragaria, Malus, Prunus, Pyracantha, Rosa, Rubus. [Potter et al. 2007 Plant Syst Evol 266:5–43] Number of teeth is per leaf or leaflet, not per side of leaf or leaflet, except in Drymocallis. —Scientific Editors: Daniel Potter, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332, 344–401, 611–662]

Key to Rosaceae

Annual to perennial herb; odor generally 0.
Leaf: generally basal, odd-1-pinnately, 1-palmately, or 1-ternately compound; leaflets 1–8(13) per side, ± toothed, generally ± separated, terminal generally ± = lateral; margins generally flat.
Inflorescence: generally cyme, generally ± open; pedicels generally ± straight, bractlets 0.
Flower: hypanthium ± shallow, bractlets generally 5, generally < sepals, generally flat; sepals ± triangular; petals (2)4–20 mm, >= sepals, generally ± widely obcordate, generally yellow; stamens 10–25; pistils generally > 10, ovaries superior, styles slender to ± tapering, generally attached near fruit tip.
Fruit: achene, generally glabrous.
± 400 species: mostly n temperate, arctic. (Latin: diminutive of powerful, for reputed medicinal value) Other taxa in TJM (1993) moved to Comarum, Dasiphora, Drymocallis.

Plant ± tufted from few-branched caudex; glands generally 0 (except in NCoRH).
Stem: ascending to erect, generally 15–60 cm, glabrous to sparsely hairy.
Leaf: ± pinnate, petiole generally > blade; basal generally 5–25 cm, leaflets generally 2–4 per side, larger 10–50 mm, unevenly 7–15-toothed ± 1/2 to midvein (often also split to base), glabrous to ± straight-hairy.
Inflorescence: 3–15-flowered.
Flower: hypanthium 3–6 mm wide; petals 7–10 mm; filaments 2.5–3.5 mm, anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles generally 2–3 mm, slender.
Fruit: 1.5–2 mm, ± smooth, brown.
2n=±64–108. Meadows; 1110–3000 m. Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, High Sierra Nevada;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.