Common Name: PHLOX FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine. Leaf: simple or compound, cauline (or most basal), alternate or opposite; stipules 0. Inflorescence: cymes, heads, clusters, or flower 1; bracts in involucres or not. Flower: sepals generally 5, fused at base, translucent membrane generally connecting lobes, torn by fruit; corolla generally 5-lobed, radial or bilateral, salverform to bell-shaped, throat often well defined; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, attached at >= 1 level, filaments of >= 1 length, pollen white, yellow, blue, or red; ovary superior, chambers generally 3, style 1, stigmas generally 3. Fruit: capsule. Seed: 1--many, when wetted swelling or not, gelatinous or not. Genera In Family: 26 genera, 314 species: America, northern Europe, northern Asia; some cultivated (Cantua, Cobaea (cup-and-saucer vine), Collomia, Gilia, Ipomopsis, Linanthus, Phlox). Note:Leptodactylon moved to Linanthus. eFlora Treatment Author: Robert W. Patterson, family description, key to genera, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Habit: Annual, perennial herb. Stem: decumbent to erect, 10--100 cm, glandular-hairy, hairy, or glabrous. Leaf: pinnate-compound, alternate; basal petiole base membranous or not, sheathing or not; cauline sessile above; leaflets entire to divided, glabrous to glandular-hairy. Inflorescence: cyme or head. Flower: calyx bell-shaped, membranous in age but not separated into membrane and lobes, glandular-hairy; corolla rotate to funnel- or bell-shaped, tube << throat, lobes white to blue or purple; stamens attached at 1 level, filaments hairy at base; ovary generally +- 1 mm, +- 1 mm wide. Fruit: ovoid to spheric. Seed: <= 10, generally 1--3 mm, elliptic to ovate, +- gelatinous when wet, brown to black. Etymology: (Greek: perhaps from Polemon, Athenian philosopher, or polemos, strife or war) Note: Perennial herb generally cross-pollinated, annual self-pollinated. Polemonium eddyense newly described; Polemonium pulcherrimum var. shastense newly recognized. eFlora Treatment Author: Rebecca L. Stubbs, Ruth E. Timme & Dieter H. Wilken Reference: Pritchett 1993 M.S. Thesis, San Francisco State Univ; Stubbs & Patterson 2013 Madroño 60:243--248 Unabridged Reference: Grant 1989 Bot Gaz 150:158--169; Pritchett & Patterson 1998 Madroño 45:200--209
Polemonium californicum Eastw.
NATIVE Habit: Perennial herb, cespitose, soft-hairy; rhizomed. Stem: decumbent to erect, 12--25 cm, glandular-hairy. Leaf: +- basal, < 15 cm, 1--5 cm wide, cauline reduced or not, glandular-hairy; petioles 2--6 cm, bases not membranous, +- sheathing; leaflets 9--25, 10--25 mm, 5--15 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, entire, terminal +- fused with adjacent pair. Inflorescence: open cyme, generally same level as highest leaves, 5--25-flowered; pedicel 1--7 mm. Flower: calyx 6--8 mm, lobes > tube, acute; corolla bell-shaped, limb 7--15 mm diam, throat 2--3 mm, lobes 3--4 mm, light to dark blue or purple; stamens 5 mm, included; pistil 4--7 mm, style exserted or not. Fruit: 2--4 mm, 2--3 mm wide. Seed: 6--10, brown. Chromosomes: 2n=36. Ecology: Dry, open to shaded areas in montane forest; Elevation: 1600--3100 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, CaRH, n&c SNH; Distribution Outside California: to Washington. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Note: Self-incompatible. Intergrades with Polemonium pulcherrimum at high elevations in SNH. Jepson eFlora Author: Rebecca L. Stubbs, Ruth E. Timme & Dieter H. Wilken Reference: Pritchett 1993 M.S. Thesis, San Francisco State Univ; Stubbs & Patterson 2013 Madroño 60:243--248 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Polemonium Next taxon: Polemonium carneum
Botanical illustration including Polemonium californicum
Citation for this treatment: Rebecca L. Stubbs, Ruth E. Timme & Dieter H. Wilken 2014, Polemonium californicum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 2, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=38969, accessed on April 24, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 24, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
