Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual to shrub [ tree], generally hairy.
Leaf: cauline, opposite, generally toothed; stipules 0.
Inflorescence: raceme, spike, or head, generally elongated in fruit; bract generally 1 per flower.
Flower: bisexual; calyx generally 4–5-toothed; corolla 4–5-lobed, radial to bilateral, salverform to 2-lipped; stamens 4–5 (if 4, generally in unequal pairs), epipetalous; ovary superior, 2- or 4-lobed, generally 2- chambered, style 1, often with 2 unequal lobes, only 1 stigmatic, lateral.
Fruit: 2 or 4 nutlets, drupe-like, or capsule.
± 31 genera, ± 920 species: especially Am tropics. Some cultivated (Lantana, Verbena, Vitex); some weedy worldwide (Lantana); some used for wood (Tectona, teak). Avicennia included in Acanthaceae. [Marx et al. 2010 Amer J Bot 97:1647–1663] —Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin.

Key to Verbenaceae

Perennial, generally mat-like.
Stem: central generally stolon-like; branches decumbent to erect, glabrous or ± strigose.
Leaf: opposite or clustered, strigose to appressed-hairy; hairs forked.
Inflorescence: spike, ± spheric, becoming cylindric in fruit, dense; bracts ovate to wedge-shaped.
Flower: calyx ± compressed, 2–4-toothed; corolla ± 2-lipped, tube generally > calyx; stamens 4; ovary 2-chambered, ovules 2, style lobes 2, stigma lateral.
Fruit: nutlets 2.
± 15 species: warm temperate, subtropical America. (Greek: clan or tribe, from clustered flowers)

Stem: internodes generally 3–10 cm; branches 15–50 cm.
Leaf: blade 25–60 mm, lanceolate to ovate, margin serrate from proximal to mid- blade to tip.
Inflorescence: 7–18 mm; peduncle 4–9 cm.
Flower: corolla white or pale blue to ± purple.
2n=32. Wet places, marshes; < 400 m. Great Central Valley, Central Coast, San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast, Desert;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.