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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Annual to tree.
Leaf: basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, rarely whorled, simple to 2+ × compound.
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, resembling a flower, of several types (see below), 1–many in generally ± cyme-like cluster; each head generally with ± calyx-like involucre of 1–many series of phyllaries (involucral bracts); receptacle of head flat to conic or columnar, paleate (bearing paleae = receptacle bracts) or epaleate; flowers 1–many per head.
Flower: bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types (see below); calyx 0 or modified into ± persistent pappus of bristles, scales, and/or awns; corolla radial or bilateral (0), lobes generally (0)3–5; stamens 4–5, filaments generally free, generally fused to corolla at tube/ throat junction, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, anther base generally rounded or cordate (deeply sagittate or with tail-like appendages), tip (= flattened appendage) generally projecting beyond pollen sac; pistil 1, 2-carpeled, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, placenta basal, style 1, tip generally ± 2-branched (except in some staminate disk flowers), branch tips truncate or generally bearing ± brush-like appendages; stigmas 2, generally on adaxial faces of style branches.
Fruit: achene (also called a cypsela) ( drupe in Chrysanthemoides), cylindric to ovoid, sometimes compressed, generally deciduous with pappus attached.
± 1500 genera, 23000 species: worldwide, many habitats. Fl and head types differ in form and sexual condition. A disk flower has a generally radial corolla, with a cylindric tube, expanded throat, and generally 5 lobes. Disk flowers are generally bisexual and fertile but occasionally staminate with reduced ovaries. Discoid heads comprise only disk flowers. A radiant head is a variant of a discoid head, with peripheral disk flower corollas expanded, often bilateral. A ray flower corolla is bilateral, generally with a slender tube and flattened petal-like ray (single lip composed of generally 3 lobes). Ray flowers are generally pistillate or sterile (occasionally lacking styles). Radiate heads have peripheral ray flowers and central disk flowers. Disciform heads superficially resemble discoid heads, with pistillate or sterile flowers that lack rays, together with or separate from disk flowers. A ligulate flower is bisexual, with a bilateral, generally ephemeral corolla and 5-lobed ligule. Liguliflorous heads comprise only ligulate flowers. See glossary p. 31 for illustrations of family characteristics. Echinops sphaerocephalus L., Gaillardia aristata Pursh, Gaillardia pulchella Foug., Hymenothrix loomisii S.F. Blake, Tagetes erecta L., Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze are waifs. Melampodium perfoliatum Kunth, historic urban waif. Ageratum conyzoides L., Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass., Santolina chamaecyparisus L., orth. var. are rare or uncommon escapes from cultivation. Dyssodia papposa, Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch. Bip. [Chrysanthemum carinatum Schousb.], Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill. are historical or extirpated waifs in CA. Inula helenium L. not documented in CA. Taxa of Aster in TJM (1993) treated here in Almutaster, Eucephalus, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus, Symphyotrichum; Chamomilla in Matricaria; Cnicus in Centaurea; Conyza in Erigeron and Laennecia; Dugaldia in Hymenoxys; Erechtites in Senecio; Hymenoclea in Ambrosia; Lembertia in Monolopia; Osteospermum ecklonis in Dimorphotheca; Picris echioides in Helminthotheca; Prionopsis in Grindelia; Raillardiopsis in Anisocarpus and Carlquistia; Schkuhria multiflora in Bahia; Trimorpha in Erigeron; Venidium in Arctotis; Whitneya in Arnica. —Scientific Editors: David J. Keil, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged note: Largest family of vascular plants in CA and of eudicots globally.
Annual, perennial herb, glabrous or hairy.Key to Lasthenia
Stem: generally branched, generally erect, < 60 cm.
Leaf: opposite (or distal-most alternate), < 20 cm, entire to pinnately cut.
Inflorescence: heads radiate (disciform), 1 or in cyme-like cluster; involucre cylindric to obconic, bell-shaped, or hemispheric; phyllaries 4–18 in 1(2) series, free or ± fused; receptacle narrowly conic to hemispheric, smooth, pitted, or rough, epaleate.
Ray flower: 4–16; ray generally yellow (short or 0).
Disk flower: generally many; corolla generally (4)5-lobed, generally yellow to ± orange; anther tip awl-shaped to triangular; style tips triangular or dome-shaped, generally hair-tufted.
Fruit: < 5 mm, cylindric to obovoid, black to gray; pappus of awns, scales, or 0.
18 species: w North America, Chile. (Greek: female student of Plato who dressed as a man) [Chan & Ornduff 2006 FNANM 21:336–347] Generally self-sterile.
Unabridged references: [Chan et al. 2001 Int J Plant Sci 162:1347–1360]
Annual < 25 cm.
Stem: prostrate or decumbent, branched; nodes generally hairy.
Leaf: 1–9 cm, narrowly to widely strap-shaped, blunt, fleshy, entire or variously lobed, glabrous.
Inflorescence: involucre 4–7 mm, hemispheric; phyllaries 6–14, free, hairy on margins and midribs, falling with fruits; receptacle conic, rough, glabrous.
Ray flower: 7–12; corolla yellow in alkali solution; ray 1–3 mm.
Disk flower: many; anther tip ± oblong, obtuse; style tips triangular or dome-shaped, often not hair-tufted.
Fruit: 2–3.2 mm, linear to narrowly club-shaped, hairy, gray; pappus of 4–12 ± brown awns and 4–5+ narrow scales, or rarely 0.
2n=8. Uncommon. Seabird nesting, roosting areas, generally offshore rocks and islands; < 100 m. North Coast, Central Coast;
Previous taxon: Lasthenia leptalea
Next taxon: Lasthenia microglossa
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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