Jepson Herbarium
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Annual, perennial herb, shrub; often glandular; root-parasites, roots modified into absorptive structures.
Stem: generally round in ×-section.
Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, reduced to ± fleshy scales in non-green plants lacking chlorophyll; stipules generally 0.
Inflorescence: spike to panicle, generally bracted, or flowers 1–2 in axils.
Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes 0–5; corolla generally strongly bilateral, generally 2-lipped (upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower lip generally 3-lobed), abaxial lobes outside other lobes in bud; stamens epipetalous, 4 in 2 pairs (sometimes 1 pair sterile), additional staminode 0(1), anther sacs unequal; ovary superior, chambers 1–2, placentas 2–4, parietal, style 1, stigma lobes 0 or 2.
Fruit: capsule, generally ± ovoid, loculicidal, valves 2–4.
Seed: many, small, angled; surface smooth or netted.
99 genera, 2060 species: worldwide, especially n temperate and Africa. [Bennett & Matthews 2006 Amer J Bot 93:1039–1051] High yield losses in many crops caused by Orobanche species in Africa, Medit, Middle East, and e Europe. —Scientific Editors: Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.

Key to Orobanchaceae

Annual, green.
Leaf: alternate, sessile, entire to 3-lobed.
Inflorescence: spike; bracts generally distinct from leaves, 1 per flower, entire to 5-lobed, tips generally colored.
Flower: calyx unequally 4-lobed, deepest sinus adaxial; corolla club-shaped, upper lip folded lengthwise, tip rounded, closed, opening directed downward forming a hood enclosing anthers and style, lower lip shorter, ± 3-pouched, (0)3-toothed; stamens 4, anther sacs 2, unequal; style, stigma slender.
Fruit: generally ± notched.
Seed: generally 8–15, often ± curved, ± keeled, attached at side; coat netted or ridged, tight-fitting.
9 species: w North America. (Greek: straight fruit) [Chuang & Heckard 1992 Syst Bot 17:560–582] Close to Cordylanthus; other species formerly placed here are Castilleja (owl's-clovers) or Triphysaria (Johnny-tuck).

Plant 10–35 cm, ± puberulent.
Stem: simple or branched distally.
Leaf: 20–50 mm, entire, ± lanceolate.
Inflorescence: 2–8 cm; bracts differing abruptly from distal leaves, 10–15 mm, strongly net-veined, with 2 small, lateral lobes from near base, central lobe widely oblong, 5–10 mm wide, ± rose on distal 1/3.
Flower: calyx 5–7 mm, hairy, divided 3/4 abaxially and adaxially, 1/4 on sides; corolla 10–15 mm, nearly hidden by bract, ± rose, beak ± 4 mm, ± 0.5 mm > lower lip, with conspicuous, cylindric, hooked tip, cylindric, lower lip moderately pouched, ± yellow, teeth 0.5 mm, triangular, densely puberulent; stigma well included.
Fruit: ± 5 mm.
Seed: 3–5, dark brown.
2n=28. Mtn meadows, grassy or rocky slopes; 1600–2400 m. Klamath Ranges, Outer North Coast Ranges, Cascade Range;

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Next taxon: Orthocarpus luteus

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.