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AMARYLLIDACEAE AMARYLLIS FAMILY

Dale W. McNeal

Perennial, generally from bulb, coat membranous.
Stem: erect, generally cylindric, solid.
Leaf: basal, sessile.
Inflorescence: scapose, umbel-like or 1-flowered; bracts generally 2(8), conspicuous, ± fused.
Flower: perianth often with a conspicuous, ± tubular crown, parts 6, in 2 whorls, petal-like, [ free to] ± fused, radial or not; stamens 6, ± fused to perianth, ± united, anthers attached at base; ovary inferior, chambers 3, each many-ovuled, style 1, stigmas 1 or 3.
Fruit: generally capsule, dry, loculicidal, or fleshy berry.
± 60 genera, 800 species [Meerow & Snijman 2006 Aliso 22:355–366] —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Amaryllidaceae

NARCISSUS
Bulb ovoid.
Leaf: (1)several, ± linear, flat.
Inflorescence: umbel-like, 1–20-flowered; bract 1, membranous or ± papery.
Flower: pedicelled or not, generally fragrant; perianth parts fused below, reflexed to erect above, crown a conspicuous tube; stamens free from, generally included in crown; style 1, stigma minutely 3-lobed.
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal, papery to leathery.
Seed: many, black.
± 26 species: Eur, n Africa, Asia. (Greek: mythological youth) Extreme variation in perianth color from long history of cultivation; only most common colors indicated here. Plants with perianth parts, crown generally white belong to Narcissus papyraceus Ker Gawl., reported (but evidently not documented) for CA in FNANM, similar to, possibly same sp. as, Narcissus tazetta.
Unabridged etymology: (Greek: mythological youth who falls in love with his own reflection and is changed into a flower)

Key to Narcissus

N. pseudonarcissus L. DAFFODIL
NATURALIZED
Bulb 2–5 cm, 3–4 cm wide, coats pale brown.
Stem: 25–50 cm.
Leaf: 4, 20–45 cm, flat, glaucous.
Inflorescence: bract 2–3 cm, pale brown, papery.
Flower: fragrant; perianth 5–7 cm wide, tube 1.5–2 cm, abruptly tapered to base, parts erect to spreading, often twisted, oblanceolate, yellow, acute, crown 1–1.5 cm wide, yellow, ruffled.
Disturbed places; < 350 m. Inner North Coast Ranges, Sacramento Valley, Central Coast; to Washington, eastern United States; Europe, w Asia, n Africa. Highly variable, long cultivated. Spring [Online Interchange]
Unabridged note: The following accessions, if verified, would represent range extensions (as indicated): SD154131 (SCo).

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occursRed area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon;
markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
map of distribution 1

Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records.
Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.
Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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CCH collections by month

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa.
Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.