Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual to tree, generally glandular, some ± aquatic.
Stem: round to square in ×-section.
Leaf: simple, generally alternate, generally ± entire; stipules generally 0 (present in Limosella).
Inflorescence: spike to panicle ( head-like), generally bracted, or flowers 1–4 in axils.
Flower: generally bisexual; calyx lobes 4–5; corolla bilateral to radial, lobes 4–5; stamens epipetalous, 4–5, 5th a staminode in Scrophularia; pistil 1, ovary superior, chambers generally 2, placentas axile, style 1, stigma lobes generally 2.
Fruit: capsule, generally ± ovoid, loculicidal or septicidal, or drupe-like.
± 65 genera, 1700 species: ± worldwide; some cultivated as ornamental (Verbascum). [Olmstead et al. 2001 Amer J Bot 88:348–361] Other taxa moved to Plantaginaceae (Antirrhinum, Bacopa, Collinsia, Cymbalaria, Digitalis, Dopatrium, Gambelia, Gratiola, Hebe, Holmgrenanthe, Keckiella, Kickxia, Limnophila, Linaria, Lindernia, Maurandella, Mohavea, Nothochelone, Penstemon, Pseudorontium, Stemodia, Synthyris, Tonella, Veronica), Orobanchaceae (Bellardia, Castilleja, Cordylanthus, Orthocarpus, Parentucellia, Pedicularis, Triphysaria), Phrymaceae (Mimulus). —Scientific Editors: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged references: [Albach et al. 2005 Amer J Bot 92:297–315]

Key to Scrophulariaceae

Erect [ prostrate] shrub, tree; glabrous.
Leaf: alternate [ opposite], evergreen, petioled [ sessile], entire or toothed, with conspicuous, embedded, generally translucent glands.
Inflorescence: axillary clusters [or 1].
Flower: bisexual, radial [to bilateral]; calyx 5-lobed, lobes ± equal; corolla lobes equal [ distal < proximal]; stamens 4 [5–8], anthers generally exserted; ovary [2]4-loculed, ovules 1–2 per chamber, style 1, stigmas 1–2.
Fruit: indehiscent, dry to drupe-like.
± 30 species: especially Australia. (Greek: from glandular pores on leaves) [Chinnock 2007 Myoporaceae. Rosenberg Publishing] Myoporum acuminatum R. Br., Myoporum parvifolium R. Br. reported in San Diego Co., cultivated, doubtfully naturalized. Treated in Myoporaceae in TJM (1993).

Plant 3–10 m, much-branched, broadly spreading; twig tips, young leaves ± bronze-green, sticky.
Leaf: < 10 cm, generally lanceolate, finely serrate distally, bright green, ± fleshy.
Inflorescence: flowers 2–4 per axil.
Flower: corolla ± 10 mm diam, ± bell-shaped, white, purple-spotted, tube 3.5–4.5 mm, lobes 4–5.5 mm, glabrous abaxially, long-hairy adaxially.
Fruit: 5–10 mm, ovoid, fleshy, pale to dark red-purple.
Seed: 1 per chamber, 3–3.5 mm, oblong.
Open areas in grassland, scrub, riparian habitats, generally coastal; < 460 m. Central Coast, South Coast, Channel Islands; reported from North Coast (Sonoma Co.);

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Next taxon: Scrophularia

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.