Jepson Herbarium
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Shrub, small tree; dioecious.
Leaf: simple, opposite, evergreen, petioled; blade ± leathery, flat to concave-convex, margin entire, flat, rolled under, or strongly wavy.
Inflorescence: catkin-like, pendent; flowers small, in axils of opposite, 4-ranked, basally fused bracts.
Staminate flower: (1)3(4) per bract, pedicelled; perianth parts 4, generally fused at tips; stamens 4, alternate perianth parts, filaments free, anthers 2-chambered.
Pistillate flower: (1)3 per bract; pedicel ± 0 or short; perianth 0 or vestigial with 2 small appendages; ovary inferior, chamber 1, styles 2(3).
Fruit: berry, spheric to ovoid, green, fleshy, turning dark blue, black, or white-gray, dry, brittle, not or irregularly dehiscent.
Seed: generally 2.
1 genus, 14 species: w US, C.Am, Caribbean; some cultivated. —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Dahling 1978 Contr Gray Herb 209:1–104]

(N. Garry, 1st secretary of Hudson's Bay Co., explorer of Pacific Northwest with David Douglas, 1782–1856) Intergradation among CA species raises doubt about taxonomic status.

Shrub < 3 m.
Leaf: 15–70 mm, 7–35 mm wide, 1.3–2.6 × longer than wide, flat to ± concave-convex, ovate- to obovate- elliptic; margin flat to strongly wavy; abaxial hairs dense, fine, wavy, appressed toward leaf tip.
Fruit: hairs dense.
Chaparral; 180–750 m. Northwestern California, n&c Sierra Nevada Foothills, San Francisco Bay Area.

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.