Jepson Herbarium
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Perennial from membranous bulb or scaly rhizome.
Stem: underground or erect, branched or not.
Leaf: basal or cauline, alternate, subopposite, or whorled.
Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, ± umbel-like or not.
Flower: perianth parts 6 in 2 generally petal-like whorls, often showy; stamens 3 or 6, filaments free or ± fused to perianth, anthers attached at base or near middle; ovary superior or ± so, style 1, entire or 3-lobed.
Fruit: capsule or berry.
Seed: 3–many, flat or angled, brown to black.
16 genera, 635 species: n temperate. Users strongly encouraged to protect plants by working around need to see underground parts in using keys, e.g., by trying both leads in couplets solely dependent on such characters. Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill. an historical waif in CA. Other TJM (1993) taxa moved to Agavaceae (Agave, Camassia, Chlorogalum, Hastingsia, Hesperocallis, Hesperoyucca, Leucocrinum, Yucca), Alliaceae (Allium, Ipheion, Nothoscordum), Amaryllidaceae (Amaryllis, Narcissus, Pancratium), Asparagaceae (Asparagus), Asphodelaceae (Aloe, Asphodelus, Kniphofia), Melanthiaceae (Pseudotrillium, Stenanthium, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Veratrum, Xerophyllum), Nartheciaceae (Narthecium), Ruscaceae (Maianthemum, Nolina), Smilacaceae (Smilax), Tecophilaeaceae (Odontostomum), Themidaceae (Androstephium, Bloomeria, Brodiaea, Dichelostemma, Muilla, Triteleia), and Tofieldiaceae (Triantha). North America species of Disporum now in Prosartes. —Scientific Editors: Dale W. McNeal, Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Liliaceae

Bulb with 1–several large fleshy scales, 0–many small scales.
Stem: erect, simple (0 in non- flower plants).
Leaf: cauline, alternate, subopposite, or whorled below, sessile, linear to ± ovate (1 bulb-leaf in non- flower plants).
Inflorescence: raceme; bracts leaf-like.
Flower: generally nodding, bell- or cup-shaped; perianth parts 6 in 2 whorls, each part with distinct glandular area in lower 1/2; stamens 6, included, attached at perianth base, anthers attached ± near middle; ovary ± sessile, style 1, ± entire or 3-branched.
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal, thin-walled, ± rounded, 6-angled, or winged, chambers 3.
Seed: many, 2 rows per chamber, flat, ± brown.
± 100 species: n temperate. (Latin: dicebox, from fruit shape) Bulbs of some eaten by Native Americans.
Unabridged references: [Turrill & Sealy 1980 Hooker's Icones Plantarum 34:1–275]

Large bulb scales 4–6, small 20–30.
Stem: 3–9 dm.
Leaf: in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 below, alternate above, 3–15 cm, linear to narrowly lanceolate.
Flower: nodding; perianth parts 1.5–3.7 cm, scarlet, checkered yellow adaxially, purple abaxially, tips generally recurved, nectary 1/5–1/4 perianth, narrowly lanceolate, yellow; style divided 1/4–1/2.
Fruit: winged.
2n=24,36. Common. Dry hillsides in scrub or woodland; 300–2200 m. Northwestern California (North Coast?), Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.