Common Name: CACTUS FAMILY Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, tree, generally fleshy. Stem: cylindric to spheric, or flat; surface smooth, tubercled, or ribbed (grooved); nodal areoles bearing flowers. Leaf: generally 0 or early-deciduous, flat to +- cylindric. Spines: areoles generally with central, radial spines, occasionally with glochids. Flower: generally 1 per areole, bisexual [unisexual], sessile, radial [bilateral]; perianth parts generally many [5], scale-like to petal-like; stamens many; ovary inferior [superior], style 1, stigma lobes generally several [many]. Fruit: dry to fleshy or juicy, indehiscent to variously dehiscent, spiny, scaly, or naked; tubercled or smooth. Seed: generally many, occasionally 0--few. Genera In Family: +- 125 genera, +- 1800 species: America (especially deserts), Africa; many cultivated, some edible. Note: Spines smaller, fewer (0) in shade forms; yellow spines blacken in age. Introduced species increasingly escape cultivation. Hybridization common in some genera. eFlora Treatment Author: Bruce D. Parfitt, except as noted Scientific Editor: Bruce D. Parfitt, Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: BARREL CACTUS Habit: Erect or leaning, branches 0, occasionally branched from tip-injury. Stem: (0)10--200(300) cm, 10--35 cm diam, depressed-spheric to short-columnar, hard, glabrous, not segmented; ribs 13--31, prominent; tubercles not conspicuous on ribs. Spines: [6]10--32 per areole, 2--4.5 mm wide, generally awl-shaped, generally flat, ringed with conspicuous ridges, straight to curved or +- hooked, some bristle-like; central spines generally 4 per areole. Flower: +- terminal, near distal edge of spine cluster, 3--6 cm diam; perianth yellow to red [or purple, or white with +- purple midstripes]; ovary glabrous, spines 0, scales numerous, generally rounded, margins minutely fringed or toothed. Fruit: spheric, ovoid, or cylindric, glabrous, spineless, dehiscent by basal pore. Seed: [1]1.5--3 mm, spheric to subreniform, pitted, black. Etymology: (Latin: fierce cactus) eFlora Treatment Author: Bruce D. Parfitt Reference: Taylor 1984 Bradleya 2:19--38
Ferocactus cylindraceus (Engelm.) Orcutt
NATIVE Stem: taller than wide, spheric to columnar. Spines: 10--32, erect and spreading, longest generally recurved to +- hooked, hooked on immature plants, generally +- red [yellow], gray in age. Flower: inner perianth occasionally orange to red; style 12--20 mm, ovary 9--12 mm, scales fringed. Fruit: yellow. Seed: 1.5--3 mm. Chromosomes: 2n=22. Ecology: Gravelly, rocky, or sandy areas; Elevation: 60--1500 m. Bioregional Distribution: e PR, D (esp e DMoj, w DSon); Distribution Outside California: to southwestern Utah, Arizona, northern Mexico. Flowering Time: Apr--May Note: Formerly recognized varieties untenable. Threatened by collecting; monitoring needed. Synonyms: Echinocactus cylindraceus Engelm.; Ferocactus cylindraceus var. lecontei (Engelm.) Bravo; Ferocactus cylindraceus var. cylindraceus; Ferocactus acanthodes (Lem.) Britton & Rose, nom. rej., misappl. Unabridged Note: The name Ferocactus acanthodes has been used for this sp. but its use is ambiguous because the type is lost and its identification is uncertain. Jepson eFlora Author: Bruce D. Parfitt Reference: Taylor 1984 Bradleya 2:19--38 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Ferocactus Next taxon: Ferocactus viridescens
Botanical illustration including Ferocactus cylindraceus
Citation for this treatment: Bruce D. Parfitt 2012, Ferocactus cylindraceus, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=25765, accessed on March 18, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on March 18, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).