Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Annual to small tree; sap colorless, yellow, orange, red, or white.
Leaf: basal, cauline, or both, simple and entire, toothed, or lobed, or 1–3-pinnate- dissected or compound; cauline generally alternate; stipules 0.
Inflorescence: terminal, 1-flowered or cyme, raceme, or panicle; bracts generally present.
Flower: bisexual, radial, bilateral, or biradial; sepals 2–3, shed after flower; petals generally 2 × sepals in number; stamens generally many; ovary 1, superior, chamber 1, style 0 or 1, stigmas or lobes 2–many, ovules few to many.
Fruit: capsule, dehiscent by valves or pores, ± nut, or breaking transversely into 1-seeded, indehiscent units.
Seed: fleshy appendage generally 0.
25–30 genera, 200 species: n temperate, n tropics; some cultivated (Papaver, Eschscholzia, Hunnemannia), source of opiates. Stylomecon moved to Papaver. Corydalis, Dicentra, Fumaria in Fumariaceae in FNANM, elsewhere. Glaucium flavum Crantz is a waif. According to FNANM (3:300–301), Hunnemannia fumariifolia Sweet (± like Eschscholzia except sepals free) an occasional waif in CA, but documentation evidently lacking. Fleshy appendage of seed sometimes for dispersal by ants. —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Papaveraceae

Annual, perennial herb; sap colorless or orange.
Leaf: basal or basal and cauline, 1–4-pinnate- dissected, segments narrow.
Inflorescence: cyme, 1–many-flowered.
Flower: receptacle funnel-shaped, tip cupped around ovary base, outer receptacle rim occasionally spreading; sepals 2, fused, shed as unit at flower; petals generally 4 (except doubled flowers), free, obovate or wedge-shaped, generally yellow to orange (white or pink), shed after flower leaving crown-like membrane (inner receptacle rim); stamens 12–many, free; carpels 2, style 0, stigma lobes 4–8, spreading, linear.
Fruit: oblong, dehiscent from base.
Seed: many, 1–2 mm, round to ovate, net-ridged, prominent-discontinuous-ridged, or minutely pitted, tan, brown, or black.
12 species: w North America. (J.F.G. von Eschscholtz, Russian surgeon, botanist, 1793–1831)

Annual (or perennial herb from heavy taproot), erect or spreading, 5–60 cm, glabrous, occasionally glaucous.
Leaf: segments obtuse or acute.
Flower: bud erect, acute to long-pointed, glabrous, occasionally glaucous; receptacle obconic, with spreading rim 0.5–5 mm; petals 20–60 mm, orange, or yellow, bases generally orange.
Fruit: 3–9 cm.
Seed: 1.5–1.8 mm wide, round to elliptic, net-ridged, brown to black.
2n=12. Grassy, open areas; < 2500 m. California Floristic Province, Modoc Plateau, w East of Sierra Nevada, Mojave Desert;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.