Common Name: WATERLEAF FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, generally hairy, generally taprooted. Stem: prostrate to erect. Leaf: simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0. Inflorescence: cyme, generally raceme-like and coiled, or flowers 1. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla rotate to cylindric, generally deciduous, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chambers 1 or 2, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 2--5-chambered, style 1, style branches 2, stigmas generally head-like. Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2. Genera In Family: 12 genera, 240--260 species: especially western US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia). Note: Included in Boraginaceae in TJM2 and some other treatments (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV 2016 Bot J Linn Soc 181:1--20) but treated as separate family (excluding Namaceae) by Boraginales Working Group (Luebert et al. 2016). eFlora Treatment Author: Genevieve K. Walden, Robert W. Patterson & Richard R. Halse, except as specified Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin
Habit: Annual, glandular-hairy, fragrant. Stem: erect, branches 0--many. Leaf: basal and cauline, alternate; proximal short-petioled, distal sessile, +- clasping, 1--12 cm, generally < 3 cm wide, toothed to deep-pinnate-lobed. Inflorescence: terminal, branches 0--many (flower 1, axillary); pedicels 5--15 mm, 10--25 mm in fruit, thread-like, +- ascending to erect or sub-spreading in flower, curved to nodding in fruit. Flower: calyx lobes lanceolate to ovate, glandular; corolla 6--15 mm, bell-shaped, white, cream, yellow, or pink, glandular-hairy, persistent in age, withering, papery, enclosing fruit; corolla scales absent; nectary glands absent; stamens not epipetalous, included, 3--5 mm, +- equal, attached at same level; ovary chambers appearing 2, style included, 1--4 mm, lobes 2. Fruit: ovoid or oblong, glandular. Seed: 6--16, flat, wide-elliptic, brown; surface honeycombed, pitted; attached fleshy structure 0. Etymology: (Greek: abiding flower, from persistent corolla) eFlora Treatment Author: Genevieve K. Walden, Robert W. Patterson & Richard R. Halse Reference: Taylor 1968 The ecology of Emmenanthe Benth. (Hydrophyllaceae) M.A. Thesis, San Francisco State College; Wicklow 1966 Ecology 47:864--865.
Emmenanthe penduliflora Benth.
NATIVE Habit: Plant 5--85 cm, glands colorless. Stem: green to yellow-green; few- to many-branched. Leaf: (1)2--8(10) cm, 1--3 cm wide, green to yellow-green. Inflorescence: axes green to yellow-green; pedicels sometimes red-green in fruit. Flower: calyx lobes 3--7 mm, 2--4 mm wide in flower, to 4--10 mm in fruit, broadly lanceolate to ovate, glandular; corolla (6)8--11(15) mm, cream or yellow, fading white or pale yellow in fruit, limb 6--10 mm diam; filaments yellow; style shallowly 2-lobed to 1/3 length, stigmas yellow. Fruit: oblong, 7--10 mm, 2--4 mm wide. Seed: 8--16. Chromosomes: n=18. Ecology: Chaparral to creosote-bush scrub, rocky, sandy, decomposed granite, serpentine soils, generally after fire, disturbance; Elevation: < 2200 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCoRH, NCoRI, SNF, c&s SNH, SnJV, CW, SW, SNE, D; Distribution Outside California: to Utah, Arizona. Flowering Time: Apr--Jul Jepson eFlora Author: Genevieve K. Walden, Robert W. Patterson & Richard R. Halse Reference: Taylor 1968 The ecology of Emmenanthe Benth. (Hydrophyllaceae) M.A. Thesis, San Francisco State College; Wicklow 1966 Ecology 47:864--865. Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Emmenanthe Next taxon: Emmenanthe rosea
Botanical illustration including Emmenanthe penduliflora
Citation for this treatment: Genevieve K. Walden, Robert W. Patterson & Richard R. Halse 2021, Emmenanthe penduliflora, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 9, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=24223, accessed on April 18, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 18, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Emmenanthe penduliflora:
NCoRH, NCoRI, SNF, c&s SNH, SnJV, CW, SW, SNE, D
MAP CONTROLS 1. You can change the display of the base map layer control box in the upper right-hand corner.
2. County and Jepson Region polygons can be turned off and on using the check boxes.
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
READ ABOUT YELLOW FLAGS
CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
