Jepson Herbarium
		University of California, Berkeley

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Perennial to tree; sometimes dioecious.
Leaf: generally opposite, simple, generally entire, generally deciduous, veins often arched; stipules 0.
Inflorescence: cyme or raceme, generally umbel- or head-like, subtended by showy or ± non-showy bracts or open, not subtended by bracts.
Flower: generally small, generally bisexual; calyx generally 4-lobed; petals [0]4[(5)], free; stamens generally as many as, alternate petals; ovary inferior, chambers 1–4, 1-ovuled, style simple, stigma lobes 0[2–4].
Fruit: drupe [ berry].
Seed: generally 1–2.
± 12 genera, ± 100 species: especially n temperate (also s tropics, subtrop); cultivated as ornamental (Cornus, Aucuba); some timber species [Kubitzki 2004 in Kubitzki (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI:82–90. Springer] —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Eyde 1987 Syst Bot 12:505–518]

Leaf: generally opposite or whorled; base, tip generally tapered.
Inflorescence: head-like cyme subtended by showy bracts, open cyme not subtended by bracts, or umbel subtended by non-showy bracts.
Fruit: stone 1–2-chambered.
± 50 species: n temperate, rare s hemisphere; many cultivated as ornamental, some for fall color; some fruit used for jam, syrup. (Latin: horn, from the hard wood) [Murrell 1993 Syst Bot 18:469–495] Divided by some into 6 or more genera.

Shrub, small tree, < 5 m; herbage subglabrous.
Stem: gray or yellow-brown.
Leaf: blade 4.5–9 cm, generally obovate to elliptic, strigose abaxially ( vein axils ± tomentose); petiole 5–10 mm.
Inflorescence: umbel-like, sessile, few- to several-flowered; bracts 4, ± 1 cm, ± not showy, ± brown, generally with yellow margins, ephemeral; pedicel ± 1 cm, soft-white-hairy.
Flower: ± yellow; sepals 0.5 mm; petals 3 mm; style 1 mm.
Fruit: 1–1.5 cm, elliptic, green-white, then yellow, then red, then shiny purple-black.
Streambanks; < 1550 m. Northwestern California, Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada.

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.