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Vascular Plants of California
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Chimaphila umbellata
PRINCE'S PINE


Higher Taxonomy
Family: EricaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: HEATH FAMILY
Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, tree. Stem: bark often peeling distinctively. Leaf: simple or 0, generally cauline, alternate, opposite (whorled), evergreen or deciduous, often leathery, petioled or not; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, cyme, or flowers 1, terminal or axillary, generally bracted; pedicel often with 2 bractlets. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, bell-shaped, cylindric, or urn-shaped; sepals generally (0)4--5, generally free; petals generally (0)4--5, free or fused; stamens (2--5)8--10, free, filaments rarely appendaged, anthers dehiscing by pores or slits, awns 0 or 2(4), seemingly abaxial, reduced or elongate, generally curved; nectary generally present at ovary base, generally disk-like; ovary superior or inferior, chambers generally 1--5, placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma head- to funnel-like or lobed. Fruit: capsule, drupe, berry. Seed: generally many, winged or not.
Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 3000 species: generally worldwide except deserts; some cultivated, especially Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Rhododendron, Vaccinium. Note: Monophyletic only if Empetraceae included, as treated here. Ledum included in Rhododendron. Non-green plants obtain nutrition from green plants through fungal intermediates.
eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Gary D. Wallace, Thomas J. Rosatti, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: ChimaphilaView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: PRINCE'S PINE, PIPSISSEWA
Habit: Perennial herb, +- woody, evergreen, rhizomed. Leaf: cauline [basal], +- whorled, lanceolate to oblanceolate, leathery, generally prominently toothed, petioled. Inflorescence: terminal, +- head- or umbel-like raceme; flowers 1--10; peduncle generally papillate to glandular-hairy; bracts narrowly lanceolate to widely ovate. Flower: radial, nodding, parts in 5s, free; petals spreading; stamens 10, filaments widened at base, +- hairy, anther pores on tubes; nectary present; ovary superior, style in depression, stout, stigma wide, peltate, lobes 5, +- flat, spreading. Fruit: capsule, erect; valves opening tip to base, margins not fibrous.
Etymology: (Greek: winter loving, from evergreen habit)
eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber
Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P.C. Barton
NATIVE
Stem: < 30 cm, stout. Leaf: > several per node, generally 3--7 cm, toothed, especially toward tip; veins not bordered. Inflorescence: +- densely glandular-hairy. Flower: petals pink to red; filament base margins hairy. Chromosomes: 2n=26.
Ecology: Common. Dry conifer forest; Elevation: 300--2900 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, NCoR, CaRH, SN, SnBr, SnJt, MP; Distribution Outside California: to eastern North America, Central America; Eurasia. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug
Synonyms: Chimaphila umbellata var. occidentalis (Rydb.) S.F. Blake
Jepson eFlora Author: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Chimaphila menziesii
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Botanical illustration including Chimaphila umbellata

botanical illustration including Chimaphila umbellata

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Citation for this treatment: Gary D. Wallace & Erich Haber 2012, Chimaphila umbellata, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=19222, accessed on April 19, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.

Chimaphila umbellata
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©2015 Steve Matson
Chimaphila umbellata
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©2010 Julie Kierstead Nelson
Chimaphila umbellata
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©2015 Steve Matson
Chimaphila umbellata
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©2010 Keir Morse
Chimaphila umbellata
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©2009 Gary A. Monroe

More photos of Chimaphila umbellata
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Geographic subdivisions for Chimaphila umbellata:
KR, NCoR, CaRH, SN, SnBr, SnJt, MP
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map of distribution 1
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).





 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.
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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).