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| Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Key to families | Table of families and genera |
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Annual to shrub, tree [ vine]; monoecious or dioecious.
Stem: generally branched [ fleshy or spiny].
Leaf: generally simple, alternate or opposite, generally stipuled, petioled; blade entire, toothed, or palmately lobed.
Inflorescence: terminal or axillary panicle, raceme or spike, or (Chamaesyce, Euphorbia) a compact unit enclosed by an involucre appearing flower-like, terminal or axillary, 1 or in whorled, umbel-like, or cyme-like arrays.
Flower: unisexual, ± radial; sepals generally 3–5, free or fused; petals generally 0; stamens 1–many, free or filaments fused; ovary superior, chambers 1–4, styles free or fused, simple or lobed.
Fruit: generally capsule.
Seed: 1 per chamber; seed scar appendage sometimes present, pad- to dome-like.
218 genera, 6000+ species: ± worldwide especially tropics; some cultivated (Aleurites, tung oil; Euphorbia species; Hevea, rubber; Ricinus). Many species ± highly TOXIC. [Wurdack & Davis 2009 Amer J Bot 96:1551–1570] Eremocarpus moved to Croton. Tetracoccus moved to Picrodendraceae. —Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged references: [Webster 1994 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 81:1–144]
Shrub; sap clear; [ monoecious] dioecious.
Stem: erect, generally much-branched.
Leaf: cauline, alternate; hairs simple or stellate.
Staminate inflorescence: spike or raceme, axillary.
Pistillate inflorescence: terminal; flower occasionally 1.
Staminate flower: sessile or short-pedicelled; calyx splitting into 3–4 parts; stamens 3–25, filaments free; nectar disk minute or 0.
Pistillate flower: sessile; sepals 4–6; nectar disk 0; ovary 3-chambered, styles 3, free, 2-lobed or -toothed.
Fruit: 3-lobed.
Seed: scar appendaged.
30–40 species: tropics, subtropical America. (Bernard de Jussieu, French taxonomist, 1699–1776) Bernardia myricifolia (Scheele) S. Watson not in CA.
Plant < 2.5 m, hairy.
Leaf: stipules ± 1 mm, deciduous; petiole 1–5 mm; blade 0.5–3 cm, elliptic, tip obtuse or rounded, margin crenate.
Staminate inflorescence: raceme; pedicel 3–4 mm.
Pistillate inflorescence: flower 1, sessile.
Staminate flower: stamens 12–15; nectar disk of small glands.
Pistillate flower: sepals 5, ± 2 mm, unequal; ovary tomentose, styles jagged.
Fruit: 8–10 mm diam, tomentose.
Seed: 5 mm, smooth; back ribbed.
Washes, rocky canyons; < 1200 m. s Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert;
Previous taxon: Bernardia
Next taxon: Chamaesyce
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
Copyright © 2012 Regents of the University of California
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
| Bioregions in which taxon occurs | Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues. |
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Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates. | Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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