Jepson Herbarium
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual, perennial herb, woody vine [ shrub], occasionally aquatic.
Leaf: generally basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, occasionally sheathing or stipule-like.
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1.
Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 3–6(20), free, early- deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0–many, generally free; stamens generally 5–many, staminodes generally 0; pistils 1–many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 0–1, generally ± persistent as beak, ovules 1–many.
Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, ± utricle in Trautvetteria, in aggregate or not, 1–many-seeded.
± 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially n temperate, tropical mountains; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Helleborus, Nigella). some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus). [Whittemore & Parfitt 1997 FNANM 3:85–271] Taxa of Isopyrum in TJM (1993) moved to Enemion; Kumlienia moved to Ranunculus. —Scientific Editors: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.

Key to Ranunculaceae

Perennial; caudex thick, branched to not.
Stem: 1–few, ascending to erect, branched to not, scapose to not, glabrous to glandular-hairy.
Leaf: basal 1–3- ternate, petiole generally long; cauline 0–few, generally much reduced, deeply 3-lobed to 1–2- ternate, petiole short to ± 0; segments generally wedge-shaped to obovate, abaxially pale green to glaucous, adaxially green to gray, glabrous to glandular.
Inflorescence: few-flowered raceme or flower 1, terminal; axis, pedicels glabrous to glandular; flower buds generally pendent.
Flower: sepals 5, petal-like, spreading [to ± reflexed]; petals 5, spurs between sepals, mouths < to > 90° to exposed filaments; pistils generally 5.
Fruit: follicle, glabrous to glandular.
Seed: smooth, shiny, brown to black.
± 70 species: temperate North America, Eurasia. Many species, hybrids cultivated as ornamental; natural hybrids common; recent adaptive radiation with specialized pollinations syndromes (bee, hummingbird, hawkmoth).
Unabridged etymology: (Perhaps Latin: eagle, from spurs, or water-drawer, from habitats)
Unabridged references: [Munz 1946 Gentes Herb 7:1–150]

Plant 40–100 cm, generally glabrous, glaucous at least proximally.
Leaf: basal, lower cauline generally 3- ternate, petioles 8–40 cm, leaflets 11–38 mm; upper cauline generally simple to deeply 3-lobed.
Inflorescence: flowers pendent.
Flower: sepals 10–20(25) mm, red (± yellow or green); petal blade 1–8 mm, yellow, spur 12–23 mm, pink or red, tip 1.5–4 mm wide, mouth <= 90° to exposed filaments, 4–8 mm wide, ± round; stamens 10–18 mm.
Fruit: 14–23 mm, beak 9–12 mm.
2n=14. Seeps, springs, moist places in pinyon/juniper woodland; 1200–2700 m. White and Inyo Mountains, Desert Mountains;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.