Jepson Herbarium
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Annual to tree, glandular or not.
Leaf: simple to palmately or pinnately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused (0), persistent to deciduous.
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, cluster, or flowers 1; bractlets on pedicel (" pedicel bractlets") generally 0–3(many), subtended by bract or generally not.
Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, subtending bractlets (" hypanthium bractlets") 0–5, alternate sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0,1)5–many, anther pollen sacs generally 2; pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound, ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5.
Fruit: 1–many per flower, achene ( fleshy-coated or not), follicle, drupe, or pome with generally papery core, occasionally drupe-like with 1–5 stones.
Seed: generally 1–5 (per fruit, not per flower).
110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temperate; many cultivated for ornamental, fruit, especially Cotoneaster, Fragaria, Malus, Prunus, Pyracantha, Rosa, Rubus. [Potter et al. 2007 Plant Syst Evol 266:5–43] Number of teeth is per leaf or leaflet, not per side of leaf or leaflet, except in Drymocallis. —Scientific Editors: Daniel Potter, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Unabridged references: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332, 344–401, 611–662]

Key to Rosaceae

Perennial, finely glandular.
Stem: 1–several, erect, rhizomed.
Leaf: odd–1- pinnate; leaflets evenly toothed, generally alternately large, small.
Inflorescence: spike-like raceme, terminal, often also axillary; pedicel bractlets 2, near tip, fused at base.
Flower: hypanthium stalk 1–2 mm, reflexed in fruit, bractlets 0; petals ± elliptic to ± obovate [or otherwise], yellow; stamens 5–15; pistils 2, ovary superior, continuous to style at top.
Fruit: hypanthium obconic to cup-shaped, hard, ridged, rim with 3–5 rows of spreading hooked bristles; sepal tips converged inward, with hypanthium generally encasing 1 achene.
± 20 species: generally n temperate, S.Africa, Brazil, Argentina. (Greek: eye disease, from former use as cure) [Kline & Sorensen 2008 Brittonia 60:11–33]

Stem: generally 25–130 cm; glands short-stalked, occasionally also larger, dot-like.
Leaf: largest generally 10–25 cm; stipules 0.5–4 cm, generally half- ovate; major leaflets 3–11, 1–10 cm, elliptic to ± diamond-shaped to obovate; abaxially with coarse, straight nonglandular hairs, generally with stalked and dot-like glands.
Inflorescence: 9–43 cm, generally 10–50-flowered; pedicels generally 1–12 mm.
Flower: sepals 1.5–3 mm, tips long- tapered; petal 2–4.5 mm.
Fruit: hypanthium 2.5–6 mm; bristles 1–4 mm, in 4–5 rows, lowermost reflexed; converged sepal tips hooked.
2n=56. Moist places, generally in woodland; 100–1700 m. Northwestern California (except North Coast), High Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada Foothills/n High Sierra Nevada, n High Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.