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ULMACEAE ELM FAMILY

Alan T. Whittemore

Tree.
Leaf: simple, alternate, 2-ranked; veins pinnate; stipules deciduous.
Flower: radial; sepals 4–9, free to fused; corolla 0; stamens 4–9, opposite sepals; ovary superior, chamber 1, ovule 1, style branches 2.
Fruit: 2-winged nutlet.
7 genera, ± 60 species: temperate to tropics; some cultivated for ornamental (Ulmus, Zelkova), used for wood (especially Ulmus). [Sytsma et al. 2002 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 89:1531–1546] Celtis moved to Cannabaceae. —Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin.
Unabridged references: [Elias 1970 J Arnold Arbor 51:18–40]

ULMUS ELM
Deciduous.
Leaf: serrate (or doubly so), base generally oblique, 2° veins straight, parallel, extending to margin, each ending in a tooth; axils of 2° veins generally with prominent tufts of hairs.
Inflorescence: umbels or short racemes in leaf axils on old wood; flowers sessile or pedicels 7–17 mm.
Flower: bisexual; calyx generally bell-shaped, lobes 4–9; stamens 4–9, exserted; ovary strongly compressed; style divided to base, branches spreading.
± 40 species: n temperate. Widely cultivated as street trees; flowers, fruit needed for identification.

Key to Ulmus

Previous taxon: Ulmaceae
Next taxon: Ulmus americana

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occursRed area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon;
markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
map of distribution 1

Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records.
Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.
Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria.
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