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Key to families | Table of families and genera

This text currently parallels The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition that is now available at the University of California Press.

Text appearing in blue on this page will not appear in the printed book; it will be displayed only on the Web. Specimen numbers are hyperlinked to records in the Consortium of California Herbaria data view where possible. Taxa are hyperlinked to entries in the Jepson Interchange via the "[Online Interchange]" link.

 

JUNIPERUS JUNIPER

Robert P. Adams & Jim A. Bartel


Shrub, tree; generally dioecious.
Stem: bark thin, peeling in strips; young shoots 4-angled to cylindric.
Leaf: opposite (4-ranked) or whorled in 3s (6-ranked), scale-like to less often awl- or needle-like.
Pollen cone: generally terminal; pollen sacs 2–6 per scale.
Seed cone: generally terminal, 5–18 mm, ± spheric, ± fleshy, berry-like, glaucous or not, dry or resinous, generally maturing 2nd yr, surrounded at base by minute scale-like bracts; scales 3–8, fused, opposite or whorled in 3s.
Seed: 1–3 per cone, ± flat, unwinged, often not angled, generally animal-dispersed over 2 yrs; cotyledons 2–6.
67 species, 28 var.: n hemisphere except ne Africa. (Latin: juniper) [Adams & Nguyen 2007 Phytologia 89:43–57; Adams et al. 2006 Phytologia 88:299–309]
Unabridged references: [Adams 2004 Junipers of the World: The genus Juniperus. Trafford Publ., Vancouver]

Key to Juniperus

1. Lf awl- or needle-like, suberect to spreading but not appressed; pollen, seed cones axillary; shrub < 1 m (sect. Juniperus) ..... J. communis

2. Lf 10–20+ mm; glaucous stomatal band ± 1–1.5 × as wide as green leaf margin ..... var. depressa

2' Lf 5–10(12) mm; glaucous stomatal band 2–4 × as wide as green leaf margin

3. Mature seed cone elongate to ± spheric; glaucous stomatal band 3–4 × as wide as green leaf margin ..... var. jackii

3' Mature seed cone spheric; glaucous stomatal band 2 × as wide as green leaf margin ..... var. saxatilis

1' Lf generally scale-like, closely appressed; pollen, seed cones terminal; tree, shrub > 1 m (sect. Sabina)

4. Seed cone maturing blue-black; tree 5–15(30) m

5. Bark red-brown; leaves generally whorled in 3s; generally dioecious; NCoRH, SNH, SnGb, SnBr, SNE, DMtns ..... J. grandis

5' Bark brown; leaves opposite or whorled in 3s; generally ± monoecious; CaRH, MP ..... J. occidentalis

4' Seed cone maturing red-brown; shrub, tree 1–8(10) m

6. Lf gland obvious; trunks several at base; generally dioecious ..... J. californica

6' Lf gland obscure; trunk generally 1 at base; monoecious ..... J. osteosperma

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
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