Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots.
1. Pappus 0 ..... A. dealbata
1' Pappus of 10–50 fine bristles
2. Heads discoid, some marginal flowers occasionally with ± expanded corollas
3. Leaves widely ± sessile
4. Leaf toothed, net-veined abaxially between 3–5 prominent veins; corolla yellow; fruit hairy, nonglandular ..... A. venosa
4' Leaf ± entire, weakly 3–5-veined; corolla cream; fruit stalked-glandular ..... A. viscosa
3' Proximal and middle leaves narrowed to a ± widely winged petiole (except Arnica discoidea, proximal leaves ± narrowly wing-petioled)
5. Phyllaries linear to lanceolate; young heads generally nodding; pappus brown-yellow, ± plumose ..... A. parryi (2)
5' Phyllaries narrowly lanceolate to lance-ovate; young heads erect; pappus white, generally short-barbed
6. Most proximal leaf blades lanceolate to ovate or ± cordate; petiole narrow, ± narrowly winged; fruit hairy and stalked-glandular ..... A. discoidea
6' Most proximal leaf blades ± oblanceolate; petiole ± widely winged; fruit sparsely stalked-glandular, generally otherwise glabrous ..... A. spathulata
2' Heads radiate
7. Cauline leaves generally 5–12 pairs, ± equal or gradually reduced distally on stem; heads 3–20
8. Phyllaries generally ± obtuse, adaxial face of tip generally hair-tufted; tube of disk corolla generally 3–4.5 mm ..... A. chamissonis
8' Phyllaries ± acute, tip ± no more hairy than body; tube of disk corolla generally 2–3 mm
9. Stems 1–few from short rhizome or caudex; leaves ± toothed ..... A. lanceolata subsp. prima
9' Stems clustered on short caudex-like rhizome; leaves ± entire ..... A. longifolia
7' Cauline leaves generally 2–4(6) pairs, often strongly reduced distally on stem; heads generally < 5(15)
10. Pappus (yellow-)brown, bristles ± plumose – rhizome short, freely rooting
11. Rays < 15 mm; proximal herbage ± long-spreading-hairy; young heads generally nodding ..... A. parryi (2)
11' Rays generally 15–25 mm; proximal herbage becoming glabrous to hairy or glandular; young heads erect
12. Heads spreading-bell-shaped to hemispheric; cauline leaves variable, ± sessile, most proximal generally largest ..... A. mollis
12' Heads ± narrowly obconic; cauline leaf blades elliptic to widely deltate, at least some petioled, middle generally largest ..... A. ovata
10' Pappus ± white to straw-colored, bristles short-barbed, if bristles ± plumose, rhizome long
13. Leaf blade narrow, length ± 3–6+ × width; basal leaves generally densely clustered; rays yellow-orange
14. Proximal axils brown-woolly-tufted; disk corollas spreading-hairy, stalked-glandular ..... A. fulgens
14' Proximal axils glabrous or sparsely white-hairy; disk corollas stalked-glandular only ..... A. sororia
13' Leaf blade generally ± wide, length generally < 2.5 × width; basal leaves sometimes persistent, not densely clustered; rays yellow
15. Cauline leaves at least at mid-stem sessile (± sessile) ..... A. latifolia
15' Cauline leaves at least at mid-stem petioled (petiole ± wide)
16. Leaves ± thick, often fleshy and ± red; heads 1(4), often nodding in bud; serpentine soils ..... A. cernua
16' Leaves ± thin, neither fleshy nor ± red; heads 1–5, not nodding in bud; not on serpentine
17. Proximal leaves generally toothed, ± strongly cordate (except stunted alpine plants); pappus short-barbed ..... A. cordifolia
17' Proximal leaves ± entire, base rounded (± cordate); pappus short-barbed to ± plumose ..... A. nevadensis
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].
We encourage links to these pages, but the content may not be downloaded for reposting, repackaging, redistributing, or sale in any form, without written permission from The Jepson Herbarium.
