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Jepson eFlora
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) . Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ [accessed on ]
Key to groups
Family key to Group 20
Group 20: Leaves compound or nearly so; perianth in 2 or more whorls or spirals; petals 4 or more (rarely fewer), free; pistil 1
1. Leaves 2 or more × compound or divided 3. Fruit dry, splitting into 2 mericarps; inflorescence generally a compound umbel  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, an inflorescence in which three to many pedicels and, if compound, branches (rays) radiate from a common point; characteristic of but not confined to Apiaceae. 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, an umbel-like inflorescence is one in which three to many stalked inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, radiate from a common point of attachment without an evident axis or branches. (occasionally simple  Composed of a single part; undivided; unbranched. umbel, head) ..... APIACEAE (2) {G2,6,8,14,21} 3' Fruit a berry; inflorescence a simple Composed of a single part; undivided; unbranched. or branched cluster of umbels ..... ARALIACEAE (2) 5. Main axis of leaf  Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). bearing many small leaflets or lobes  1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. in addition to main leaflets ..... ROSACEAE (Chamaebatia) 5' Main axis of leaf Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). without small leaflets or lobes 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. in addition to main leaflets 6. Leaflets entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ; flowers cream to yellow, orange, red, or pink ..... FABACEAE (2) {G12,18,19,22,23,24} 6' Leaflets serrate  Having margins with sharp, fine to coarse teeth generally pointing tipward, not outward; margins with such teeth on such primary teeth are doubly serrate. ; flowers white to dark purple ..... MELIACEAE 7. Ovary very deeply 4–6-lobed; style arising from a deep indentation in middle of ovary 7' Ovary unlobed or only shallowly lobed; style or sessile  Without a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, or other kind of stalk. stigma(s) terminal or from shallow depression at tip of ovary 10. Inflorescence a raceme  In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ..... RANUNCULACEAE (Actaea, Consolida) 10' Inflorescence a cyme  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the central or uppermost flower opens before the peripheral or lowermost flowers on any axis. see 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, a cyme-like inflorescence is one in which the central or uppermost inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, develop and mature before the peripheral or lowermost inflorescence units on any axis. or flowers solitary 13. Flowers solitary on peduncles  Stalk of an individual flower borne singly, not in an inflorescence, or of an entire inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit; the stalk subtending an involucre (e.g., in Asteraceae, Polygonaceae). >= 2 cm ..... VIOLACEAE (2) {G5,15,24} 13' Flowers several to many in umbels or racemes 14. Petals yellow to orange or ± red; leaflets entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ; inflorescence a raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ..... FABACEAE (Hoffmannseggia) 14' Petals pink to purple; leaflets toothed; inflorescence an umbel 1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, an inflorescence in which three to many pedicels and, if compound, branches (rays) radiate from a common point; characteristic of but not confined to Apiaceae. 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, an umbel-like inflorescence is one in which three to many stalked inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, radiate from a common point of attachment without an evident axis or branches. ..... GERANIACEAE (Erodium) (2) 15. Petals 6; leaves all basal  At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. ..... BERBERIDACEAE (Vancouveria) {G16} 15' Petals 4; leaves basal At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. and cauline 16. Petals all equal; flowers radial  Divisible into mirror-image halves in three or more ways. ; inflorescence a bractless raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ..... BRASSICACEAE (3) {G2,15,24} 16' Petals unequal; flowers bilateral  Divisible into mirror-image halves in only one way. or biradial  Divisible into mirror-image halves in two ways; isobilateral. ; inflorescence a bracted raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. or panicle-like cluster ..... PAPAVERACEAE (Fumarioideae) 1' Leaves once compound or divided 19' Herb; stamens 5–10; fruit a capsule, splitting into mericarps, or a berry 20. Inflorescence a raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. or spike  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are sessile and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a spike-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are sessile and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. (sometimes branched) 21. Plant a freshwater aquatic; leaves all cauline, submersed leaves whorled  Arranged in groups of three or more at nodes or positions along an axis (e.g., three leaves per node). , pinnately dissected into thread-like segments ..... HALORAGACEAE {G2,6,8,14} 21' Plant terrestrial; leaves basal At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. and cauline, alternate  1. Arranged singly, often spirally, along an axis - e.g., one leaf per node. 2. Occurring in different ranks, appearing to be between, not directly above or below, as 'stamens alternate petals'. , ± palmately compound ..... SAXIFRAGACEAE (Lithophragma parviflorum) 20' Inflorescence a simple Composed of a single part; undivided; unbranched. or compound umbel 1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, an inflorescence in which three to many pedicels and, if compound, branches (rays) radiate from a common point; characteristic of but not confined to Apiaceae. 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, an umbel-like inflorescence is one in which three to many stalked inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, radiate from a common point of attachment without an evident axis or branches. , a cluster of simple umbels, or 1–several heads 22. Styles 2; fruit splitting into 2 mericarps; inflorescence generally a compound umbel 1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, an inflorescence in which three to many pedicels and, if compound, branches (rays) radiate from a common point; characteristic of but not confined to Apiaceae. 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, an umbel-like inflorescence is one in which three to many stalked inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, radiate from a common point of attachment without an evident axis or branches. (simple umbel, 1 or more heads) ..... APIACEAE (2) {G2,6,8,14,21} 22' Styles 5; fruit a berry; inflorescence of 2–many umbels in simple Composed of a single part; undivided; unbranched. or branched cluster ..... ARALIACEAE (2) 23' Sepals present in open flower 24' Stamens generally 4–15, or if many, free; styles generally 1–3 25. Flowers strongly bilateral Divisible into mirror-image halves in only one way. , 1 petal markedly different from others 26. Odd petal uppermost in flower; stamens 10(5), generally all filaments or 9 of them fused, forming a tube around ovary (filaments free); carpel 1; fruit a legume or indehiscent  Not opening inherently to release contents; usually pertaining to fruits. pod ..... FABACEAE (Papilionoideae) 26' Odd petal lowermost in flower; stamens 5, free but tightly appressed  Parallel or nearly parallel to and often in contact with surface of origin; used to describe the disposition of hairs, leaves, pedicels, etc. against ovary; carpels 3; fruit a capsule ..... VIOLACEAE (2) {G5,15,24} 25' Flowers ± radial Divisible into mirror-image halves in three or more ways. or if bilateral Divisible into mirror-image halves in only one way. , petals 4 in dissimilar pairs 27. Leaflets or leaf Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). segments 2 or 3 30. Ovary sessile Without a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, or other kind of stalk. on receptacle; flowers of raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. not subtended by bracts ..... BRASSICACEAE (3) {G2,15,24} 30' Ovary separated from receptacle by a stalk; flowers of raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. generally subtended by bracts or flowers solitary, axillary  Pertaining to or within an axil, especially a leaf axil. ..... CLEOMACEAE 29' Petals 5; stamens 5 or 10 31' Leaflet margins entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). (sometimes apically notched) 32. Leaves alternate 1. Arranged singly, often spirally, along an axis - e.g., one leaf per node. 2. Occurring in different ranks, appearing to be between, not directly above or below, as 'stamens alternate petals'. or all basal At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. ; stamens ± fused, at least at base; ovules or seeds many ..... OXALIDACEAE {G19} 32' Leaves opposite  1. Arranged in pairs along an axis - e.g., two leaves per node. 2. Occurring in the same rank, directly above or below, as 'stamens opposite petals'. 3. Located directly across from. ; stamens free; ovules or seeds 1 per chamber ..... ZYGOPHYLLACEAE (2) 28' Tree or well-developed shrub 33. Leaves opposite 1. Arranged in pairs along an axis - e.g., two leaves per node. 2. Occurring in the same rank, directly above or below, as 'stamens opposite petals'. 3. Located directly across from. 34. Leaflets 2, fused at base [leaves deeply 2-lobed], entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). , resinous ..... ZYGOPHYLLACEAE (Larrea) 34' Leaflets 3, occasionally ± fused, toothed, not resinous 35. Leaflets coarsely serrate Having margins with sharp, fine to coarse teeth generally pointing tipward, not outward; margins with such teeth on such primary teeth are doubly serrate. or crenate  Pertaining to margins with shallow, rounded teeth, between which are usually acute sinuses (i.e., scalloped) ; stigmas 2, ± sessile Without a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, or other kind of stalk. ; ovary 2-winged; fruit generally splitting at maturity into winged mericarps ..... SAPINDACEAE (Acer glabrum) {G9} 35' Leaflets finely serrate Having margins with sharp, fine to coarse teeth generally pointing tipward, not outward; margins with such teeth on such primary teeth are doubly serrate. ; stigmas and styles 3; ovary wingless; fruit a bladdery, 3-chambered capsule ..... STAPHYLEACEAE 33' Leaves alternate 1. Arranged singly, often spirally, along an axis - e.g., one leaf per node. 2. Occurring in different ranks, appearing to be between, not directly above or below, as 'stamens alternate petals'. 36. Leaflets gland-dotted; fruit a round, winged achene  Dry, indehiscent, 1-seeded fruit from a 1-chambered ovary, sometimes winged, often appearing to be a naked seed. A 1-seeded dry fruit derived from an inferior ovary of > 1 carpel (e.g., Asteraceae, Dipsacaceae) is sometimes called a cypsela. ..... RUTACEAE (Ptelea) {G9} 36' Leaflets not gland-dotted; fruit a capsule, berry, or drupe 37' Petals 5–6; ovary sessile Without a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, or other kind of stalk. on receptacle 38. Petals 5; leaflets entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). to lobed, but not spiny-toothed ..... ANACARDIACEAE (2) {G7,9,23} 27' Leaflets or leaf Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). segments 4 or more 39. Leaves palmately compound or divided 41. Leaves opposite 1. Arranged in pairs along an axis - e.g., two leaves per node. 2. Occurring in the same rank, directly above or below, as 'stamens opposite petals'. 3. Located directly across from. ; erect  Upright; vertically oriented. shrub or tree ..... SAPINDACEAE (Aesculus) 41' Leaves alternate 1. Arranged singly, often spirally, along an axis - e.g., one leaf per node. 2. Occurring in different ranks, appearing to be between, not directly above or below, as 'stamens alternate petals'. ; woody vine with tendrils ..... VITACEAE (Parthenocissus) 42. Leaflets entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ; inflorescence a raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ; ovary separated from receptacle by a stalk ..... CLEOMACEAE (Peritoma) 42' Leaflets or leaf Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). segments toothed; inflorescence (1)2-flowered; ovary sessile Without a petiole, peduncle, pedicel, or other kind of stalk. on receptacle ..... GERANIACEAE (Geranium) {G24} 39' Leaves pinnately compound or divided 44. Ovary entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). or ± 2-lobed; inflorescence a generally bractless raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ..... BRASSICACEAE (3) {G2,15,24} 44' Ovary very deeply 4-lobed; flowers solitary and axillary Pertaining to or within an axil, especially a leaf axil. or inflorescence a leafy-bracted raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ..... LIMNANTHACEAE (Limnanthes) (3) {G10} 45. Shrub or tree (occasionally low-creeping) 46' Petals 5(6); leaflets entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). or toothed but not spiny; stems and leaves often strongly scented 47. Ovary divided into 2–5 flattened lobes 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. ; fruit a cluster of elongated, winged achenes; leaflets with gland-tipped teeth near base ..... SIMAROUBACEAE (Ailanthus) {G7,9,10} 47' Ovary entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ; fruit a drupe or legume; leaflets without gland-tipped teeth 48. Flowers solitary or few; leaflets 2–10 mm, ± entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). — small tree of DSon ..... BURSERACEAE {G7,9} 48' Flowers in racemes or panicles  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the basal or lateral flowers (or some of them) open before the terminal or central flowers on any axis. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a panicle-like inflorescence is one in which at least some of the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are attached (stalked or unstalked) to branches and not directly to the main axis of the inflorescence and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. , often many; leaflets mostly > 7 mm, often much longer, toothed or entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). 49' Corolla > 1 cm diam, bright yellow; fruit a legume; leaflets entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ..... FABACEAE (Senna) (2) 50. Leaves ± cylindric  Elongate, with parallel sides and, at any point, round in transverse section. [leaflets and lobes 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. generally closely overlapping around axis], generally basal At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. ; fruit an achene Dry, indehiscent, 1-seeded fruit from a 1-chambered ovary, sometimes winged, often appearing to be a naked seed. A 1-seeded dry fruit derived from an inferior ovary of > 1 carpel (e.g., Asteraceae, Dipsacaceae) is sometimes called a cypsela. ; hypanthium  Structure generally in the shape of a tube, cup, or bowl, derived from the fused lower portions of the perianth and stamens, from which these parts seem to arise, and to which the ovary wall is fused in an inferior ovary (to which the ovary wall is partially fused in a half-inferior ovary; from which the ovary is free in a superior ovary). present ..... ROSACEAE (Ivesia) 50' Leaves ± flat, basal At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. and/or cauline; fruit nutlets, mericarps, a capsule, or a legume; hypanthium Structure generally in the shape of a tube, cup, or bowl, derived from the fused lower portions of the perianth and stamens, from which these parts seem to arise, and to which the ovary wall is fused in an inferior ovary (to which the ovary wall is partially fused in a half-inferior ovary; from which the ovary is free in a superior ovary). 0 51' Anther-bearing stamens 2 × as many as petals (occasionally some anthers much smaller than others) 52. Flowers in racemes or panicles 1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the basal or lateral flowers (or some of them) open before the terminal or central flowers on any axis. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a panicle-like inflorescence is one in which at least some of the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are attached (stalked or unstalked) to branches and not directly to the main axis of the inflorescence and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ; ovary chamber 1; fruit dehiscent  Opening at maturity to release contents; usually pertaining to anthers or fruits. 53. Terminal leaflet  A leaf-like unit of a compound leaf; distinguished from a leaf by the absence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; lacking lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (leaf 1-compound, with primary leaflets) or compound (leaf 2-compound, with primary and secondary leaflets; 3-compound, with primary, secondary, and tertiary leaflets, etc). 0; fruit a legume ..... FABACEAE (Senna) (2) 53' Terminal leaflet A leaf-like unit of a compound leaf; distinguished from a leaf by the absence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; lacking lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (leaf 1-compound, with primary leaflets) or compound (leaf 2-compound, with primary and secondary leaflets; 3-compound, with primary, secondary, and tertiary leaflets, etc). present; fruit a capsule ..... RESEDACEAE 52' Flowers solitary, in pairs, or in a leafy-bracted raceme In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. ; ovary chambers generally 5; fruit splitting into mericarps 54. Stipules 0; ovary very deeply 5-lobed; style base surrounded by ovary lobes 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. ..... LIMNANTHACEAE (Limnanthes) (3) {G10} 54' Stipules present; ovary entire Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). or shallowly lobed at time of pollination; style at tip of ovary ..... ZYGOPHYLLACEAE (2)
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